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Method for utilizing heterosis between rape sub-genomes

A technology of heterosis and genome, applied in the direction of plant genetic improvement, botanical equipment and methods, applications, etc., can solve the problems of time-consuming and labor-consuming, complicated breeding process, etc. Good hand firmness

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-04-09
SOUTHWEST UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In the process of creating a new type of Brassica napus, the existing technology needs to go through the introduction of foreign species and the complicated selection process, which is time-consuming and labor-intensive

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0012] Using Brassica oleracea (CGN14032, collected from the Netherlands Center for Genetic Resources, http: / / www.cgn.wur.nl / ) as the female parent, the flower buds were peeled off manually 2 days before flowering, the stamens were removed, and Brassica napus (Zhongshuang 9) was sexually crossed with fresh pollen, and 10 days after pollination, hybrid embryos were taken for embryo rescue to obtain triploid hybrid F1 test-tube plantlets.

Embodiment 2

[0014] Brassica napus Zhongshuang 9 was used as the female parent, the buds were peeled and emasculated, and the pollen of Brassica napus CGN14032 was inoculated, sexually crossed, hybrid embryos were taken 10 days after pollination for embryo rescue, and triploid hybrid F1 test-tube plantlets were obtained.

[0015] The test-tube plantlets of Examples 1 and 2 were multiplied and treated with colchicine to induce chromosome doubling. After the test-tube seedlings are transplanted to the field, according to the plant shape, flower bud size and fertility, identify the plants that have successfully crossed and whose chromosomes have doubled. The flower buds of the hybridized and successfully doubled plants were about 1.5 times larger than those of Brassica napus and Brassica napus parents, and the pollen fertility of the plants with successful chromosome doubling (up to 85%) was higher than that of plants without successful doubling (less than 15%). On the one hand, the obtained ...

Embodiment 3

[0018] In 2009, the inventors crossed Brassica napus with different genotypes and hexaploids, and obtained a total of 142 hybrids. Its matability is 9.24 grains / pod.

[0019] From 142 subgenome heterozygous rapeseed hybrids in 2010 and 2011, 5 configured hybrids and parents were randomly selected for the evaluation of biological yield advantage, and 9 configured hybrids and parents were randomly selected for seed yield Advantage evaluation. A split-plot block design was adopted for the field experiment, and the conventional variety Zhongshuang 9 was used as the control, with two repetitions. The planting density is in accordance with the planting requirements of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River. 30 seedlings are planted in each plot, and the area of ​​the plot is 2.5m×1m.

[0020] The specific operation steps are as follows: divide 5 rapeseeds and 5 parental rapeseeds and hexaploids into two groups, one group is the hybrid and the other group is the parent. ...

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Abstract

The invention relates to a method for utilizing the heterosis between rape sub-genomes. The method comprises the following steps: hybridizing a cabbage type rape and a cabbage; reduplicating a chromosome to obtain a hexaploid; hybridizing the hexaploid and a turnip type rape to obtain a sub-genome heterozygous rape hybrid; and selectively breeding a high superiority combination through character evaluation. The method disclosed by the invention can obtain the sub-genome heterozygous rape hybrid by simply and fast introducing the genetic components of the turnip type rape with wide genetic variation into a rape and widens the utilization way of the heterosis of the rape.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of breeding of new plant strains, and in particular relates to a method for constructing heterosis of rapeseed by utilizing the difference between genomes of Brassica crops. Background technique [0002] Brassica napus (AACC) is an allotetraploid evolved from the natural hybridization of Brassica napus (AA) and Brassica napus (CC) through chromosome doubling. During the long-term evolution and domestication process, the A and C subgenomes of Brassica napus, the same subgenome as its parent species genome and close relatives, such as the A subgenome of Brassica napus (AABB) and the C subgenome of Ethiopian mustard (BBCC) subgenome, there are large differences. Based on these differences, Chinese scientists proposed the idea of ​​using heterosis among rape subgenomes (Qian et al., Euphytica 2003, 134: 9-15; Li et al., Chromosome Research 2004, 12: 417-426). That is, by creating a new type of Brassica napus c...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01H1/02A01H1/08
Inventor 钱伟李勤菲李加纳梅家琴万华方陈致富
Owner SOUTHWEST UNIV