Method for realizing ventilation, air change, temperature and humidity adjustment and firefighting of building by using embedded chimney

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for realizing ventilation, air change, temperature and humidity adjustment and firefighting of a building by using an embedded chimney. During construction of the building, a vertical chimney which ranges from a bottom floor to a top floor and is over three meters higher than the top floor is built close to the center of each living unit of the building, and at least one side of the chimney faces a relatively open space which is easy for exhausting smoke such as a shared atrium or living room or corridor and the like of the unit; an exhaust opening which can be opened and closed freely and only exhausts towards the chimney is formed close to the top of the building on each layer of the chimney; an exhaust opening is formed at a position closest to the chimney on the top of each room leading to the shared atrium or living room or corridor of the building; an air inlet leading to the outside is formed in the lowermost part of the outer wall of the room. At normal times, an exhaust hole of a proper size is formed in the exhaust opening in each layer of the chimney by using the chimney effect, and one or more air inlets leading to the outside are opened, so the natural ventilation and air change and temperature and humidity adjustment are realized for reach room on each floor of the building; in case of fire, the exhaust opening on a certain layer of the chimney is opened fully to suck smoke gas produced by the combustion of big fire outside, so that the firefighting aim is fulfilled.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical fields of energy saving, ventilation, temperature and humidity adjustment and fire protection of buildings. Background technique [0002] In the current building construction technology, energy saving, ventilation, and smoke exhausting of buildings are all carried out from windows, or by using range hoods and exhaust fans, which not only consumes energy, but also has poor effects. The windows of buildings are generally movable, with poor sealing effect, poor windproof, dustproof, moistureproof, and rainproof effects, and most of them are single-layer glass with poor thermal insulation performance, which brings a lot of inconvenience to people's lives. [0003] In the fire protection of buildings, it is mainly required to avoid the chimney effect as much as possible to prevent the fire from spreading when a fire occurs, and then to dredge escape routes and not to use flammable building materials and decoration mate...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0004] We know that whenever a fire occurs, first of all, the thick smoke and toxic gas caused by burning will soon permeate the entire indoor space, threatening people's lives and safety. The first time a disaster is discovered, we can only escape as soon as possible, and it is too late to rescue , if the escape route is blocked by thick smoke, it will be difficult to escape by yourself, and you can only call for help at a certain window. Often, you will be suffocated to death by thick smoke and toxic gases, or even jump to your death from a building; If you can't get rescue for a while, you can only burn bigger and bigger, which will spread the fire, make the disaster bigger and bigger, and bring more difficulty to fire rescue; Exhaust from the window or door. If it is exhausted from the window, the fire will spread upstairs. If it is exhausted from the door, the smoke will fill the stairwell and block people's escape routes. At the same time, the smoke that is not fully burned will go up. If it escapes, it may enter a high-rise building through gaps such as door cracks, and burn for the second time when it encounters an open flame, so that the fire compartment will spread upwards.

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