Device and method for measuring concentration and graduation of suspended load in real time in situ

Abstract

The invention provides a device for measuring concentration and graduation of suspended load in real time in site. The device comprises a fish lead, a measuring unit arranged in the fish lead and a computer connected with the measuring unit. The measuring unit comprises a camera, a miniature lens, a laser, a reflector, Powell lenses, a cylindrical convex lens, a refractor set, an ultrasound fathometer and a power supply unit. The front end of the camera is additionally provided with the miniature lens. The laser is arranged on the incident light path of the reflector, the emergent light path of the reflector is sequentially provided with the Powell lenses, the cylindrical convex lens and the refractor set, rectangular piece light collected by the cylindrical convex lens penetrates through the lower portion of the fish lead through the refractor set to illuminate the local water body on the lower portion of the fish lead, a tempered glass observation window is arranged on a bottom shell of the fish lead below the camera, and the power supply unit is connected with the camera, the laser and the ultrasound fathometer. By means of the device, real-time measuring in situ can be achieved, the instant measuring result can be obtained, and the device has the unique advantage of dynamically monitoring the river water and sediment transportation.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of hydrological measurement in water conservancy projects, in particular to a device and method for in-situ real-time measurement of suspended sediment concentration and gradation. Background technique [0002] Sediment in rivers mainly moves in the form of suspended matter, and its transport, deposition, and erosion processes have important impacts on riverbed evolution and the safe operation of water conservancy projects. [0003] According to the "Specifications for the Measurement of Suspended Sediment in Rivers" (GB-50159-92), the concentration of suspended sediment is mainly determined by arranging measuring points at the observation section, taking water samples with a sampler, and then analyzing them indoors. When the sand concentration is greater than 2.0kg / m 3 In situ measurements can be made using an isotope sand detector. Suspended mass gradation requires water samples to be analyzed indoors. ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The energy for the suspension of sediment in the fluid comes from the turbulence of the water flow. When used in a field flow field such as a river, the outer frame of the instrument will obviously change the turbulent characteristics of the detected water mass. Because the specific gravity of the sediment and the water body is different, The inertial force is different during the movement, and the change of the turbulent characteristics of the water flow will change the distribution and gradation of the sediment, and this effect is difficult to simulate during calibration, so the instrument is not enough for real-time measurement in the field

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