Air cushion type space-reserved drift and fill type mining device and method

Abstract

The invention provides an air cushion type space-reserved drift and fill type mining device and method and belongs to the technical field of mine cut and fill mining. The device comprises an air cushion, a fixing mechanism and auxiliary equipment. The air cushion comprises air bags, inflating and deflating valves, safety valves and the like. The air cushion is fixed to ore body drift and fill road sides by the fixing mechanism through fixing ropes, and the air cushion is inflated through the auxiliary equipment. In the using process of the device, the air cushion is erected on the side close to an ore about every 10 m before filling of a drift and fill path is carried out, multiple air cushions are consecutively erected along the total length part in the axial direction of the drift and fill path, and then the drift and fill path is filled. When the device and the method are used for mining adjacent mining drift and fill paths, the air cushions can be recycled first, the space reserved for the air cushions serves as a blasting free surface, and mining blasting is carried out in a row-by-row lateral blasting mode; the blasting efficiency and mining efficiency can be greatly improved, consumption of explosives can be greatly reduced, holes can be reduced, the total time of total mining circulation can be prolonged, the capacity of total mining circulation can be improved, and the safety of recovery work is promoted.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of mine filling and mining, in particular to an air-cushion type reserved space access type mining device and method. Background technique [0002] The road filling mining method is to recover the ore body by driving the roadway. After the stope mining is completed, the roadway is topped and filled to control the surrounding ore rocks. Because the section of the access road is generally small and the span of the roof is small, it can effectively maintain the stability of the stope and ensure the safety of the mining operation, and the route layout is flexible, which can be used to recover complex ore bodies under adverse ore rock conditions, and the mining dilution rate is low. , High recovery rate. However, because the mining face is small, the process is complicated, the labor intensity is high, the production efficiency is low, and the comprehensive production capacity of the stope is relatively small, t...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] Taking the Jinchuan Nickel Mine as an example, the problems of the approach mining process are as follows: (1) The mining process is similar to roadway excavation, with only one free face. During blasting, it is subjected to a large clamping force from the surrounding rock mass or filling body. Each working face ( 20m 2 ) requires more than 50 blastholes, and the unit consumption of explosives is high, the blasting efficiency is low, and the mining efficiency is low. The current blasting footage is only 2.2-2.5m, and the blasting efficiency is about 80%. One of the key reasons for the low productivity of conventional mining

(2) The ore body is in close contact with the filling body of the adjacent filling route, and the blasting will cause damage to the filling body, and the filling body will be mixed with ore, resulting in ore dilution, and the overall benefit is poor; (3) Due to the large clamping force, the overfilled Explosives, resulting in greater damage to the filling body by blasting, significantly affecting the stability of the filling body

(4) Part of the ore in contact with the filling body cannot be blasted down sometimes, resulting in ore loss

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