A monocomponent engine with non-toxic unit propellant

Abstract

The invention proposes a non-toxic unit propellant single component engine, the engine is composed of a thrust chamber and a solenoid valve, and the thrust chamber is composed of an injector and a body. The body consists of two layers of catalytic beds and combustion chambers. The catalytic bed uses fine-grained catalysts for the front bed and coarse-grained catalysts for the rear bed. The active component of the catalyst used is metal iridium, and the iridium content is between 5% and 35%. There is a combustion chamber behind the catalytic bed. A coated refractory metal mesh and a coated refractory metal porous plate exist between the front and rear catalytic beds and between the catalytic bed and the combustion chamber. The solenoid valve is opened, and the non-toxic unit propellant is ejected from the injector, and is catalytically decomposed by the catalytic bed, and the decomposition product and the fuel of the propellant are burned in the combustion chamber, and then enter the nozzle to generate thrust. The problem of the combustion temperature and engine structure layout of the non-toxic unit propellant in the single-unit engine propellant is solved, and the expected effect of stable and reliable decomposition and combustion of the non-toxic unit structure propellant is achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of rocket engines, in particular to a non-toxic unit propellant single component engine, which is suitable for attitude control systems of space vehicles, emergency power devices of fighter jets or emergency floating devices of submarines. Background technique [0002] Since the Shell company developed the spontaneous decomposition of hydrazine (N2H4) catalyst Shell-405 in the 1960s, the hydrazine unit engine has become the most widely used unit engine in space vehicles. However, hydrazine propellants are highly toxic. During the production, testing and use of products, they will not only cause serious harm to the lives and health of personnel, but also pollute the environment and increase the cost of production, launch and use and maintenance. The same problem is encountered in fighter jets and submarines. [0003] In order to overcome the above shortcomings, various non-toxic unit propellants are being de...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] The non-toxic unit propellant consists of oxidant, fuel, additives, and water. In the engine, there are not only catalytic decomposition reactions but also combustion processes. In order to achieve or exceed the specific impulse of hydrazine unit engines, the combustion temperature usually exceeds 1200 ° C. In the past, the High-temperature alloy mesh and high-temperature alloy perforated plate can no longer meet the requirements, etc.

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