High-yield upgrading cultivation method for wheat grown after rice in southern region of Henan province under water-logging condition

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-yield upgrading cultivation method for wheat grown after rice in a southern region of Henan province under a water-logging condition and aims to solve the technical problem of low yield and poor quality of the wheat grown after rice in the southern region of Henan province under the water-logging condition. The cultivation method comprises the following steps: afterharvesting the rice in the last season, plowing land, and digging a box ditch, a side ditch, a transverse ditch and a main drainage ditch; selecting a high-yield wheat variety with weak springness andsowing in a strip sowing or broadcast sowing manner; applying a phosphate fertilizer and a potash fertilizer in basal application, applying a nitrogen fertilizer in basal application and dressing thenitrogen fertilizer; performing chemical weeding in three to five leaf stages of the wheat; performing other management of the wheat in a manner the same as that of the local general farmland. The method is applied to the optimal management of water and nitrogen in the wheat grown after rice in the southern region of Henan province. With the method disclosed by the invention, the occurrence of vacant land of the wheat grown after rice in the southern region of Henan province can be effectively avoided, the income of farmers can be better increased, the concept of attaching great importance torice and neglecting wheat in the local farmers is changed, the long-term low-yield state of the wheat grown after rice in the southern region of Henan province is fundamentally changed, an effectivereference of the fertilizing amount can be provided for the local farmers, the fertilization mode that the fertilizers are applied once is avoided, the yield and the nitrogen fertilizer utilization rate can be synchronously increased and the wheat quality is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of crop planting, in particular to a method for cultivating high-yield and quality-improving rice stubble wheat in southern Henan under waterlogging conditions. Background technique [0002] In my country, the planting area of ​​rice stubble and wheat is about 4.8 million hectares 2 , while most of the rice stubble and wheat planting areas are in the Yangtze River Basin. Among them, the southern part of Henan Province and the upper and middle reaches of the Huaihe River are rice stubble and wheat areas in southern Henan. The planting area accounts for about 1 / 5 of the total area of ​​rice stubble and wheat in my country. Eight counties and two districts in Xinyang City, Zhengyang in Zhumadian, Tongbai in Nanyang, etc. The counties and districts are all within the scope of the rice stubble and wheat area in southern Henan, which is an important area for ensuring food security in the Huanghuai River Basin. Th...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0003] However, for a long time, the phenomenon of "heavy rice and light wheat" and irrational application of nitrogen fertilizers have also widely existed in the rice cropping area of ​​southern Henan. In addition, the rice cropping before the cropping has caused the soil in this area to have a shallow plow layer, heavy soil texture, and suitable soil all year round. Poor cultivability, short cultivation period and many other problems, coupled with the uneven distribution of precipitation in time and space, serious waterlogging, plant diseases and insect pests and other phenomena during wheat planting, and the degree of damage is heavier than that in other areas, which in turn reduces the yield of wheat grains and relatively high quality. Difference

In addition, in recent years, waterlogging disasters often occur in the middle and late stages of wheat growth in the rice stubble area of ​​southern Henan, which further leads to poor high and stable yields of rice stubble wheat in this area and deterioration of wheat quality, resulting in a decline in the economic benefits of wheat planting; This has also dampened the enthusiasm of farmers in the region to plant rice stubble and wheat, and in some places there are even contiguous "white stubble fields"

[0004] In addition, the amount of nitrogen fertilizer application in southern Henan has been on the rise for many years, and the blind application of nitrogen fertilizer not only leads to a gradual decrease in fertilizer use efficiency, but also causes serious water pollution (such as increased nitrate content in groundwater, eutrophication in rivers and lakes) etc.)

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