120results about How to "Ensuring food security" patented technology

The invention discloses a method for cultivating hybrid rice, which comprises the steps of breeding improved varieties, raising sturdy rice seedlings, field cultivation and prevention and treatment for main diseases and pests. According to the method, the conservation of soil, fertilizer and water, the resistance for cold, drought, lodging and disease and pest and other functions of the soil are improved; and the applying quantity of chemical fertilizer is reduced on the premise of ensuring the national food security, therefore, the cost is saved and the farmer's income is increased, and energy is saved, environment is protected and the agricultural sustainable development is promoted for the country.

The invention discloses a cultivation method for improving corn yield in saline-alkali land. The method comprises the following steps: irrigating the saline-alkali land for flooding for once in the middle of March, wherein the irrigation volume for per mu is 60-100 m<3>, airing for 1-1.5 months until the surface of earth is dry enough to allow people to step on, applying 1000kg-1500kg of miscellaneous manure or 50kg-55kg of compound fertilizer per mu, then performing rotary tillage for 1-2 times to mix soil and the fertilizer, pressing by using a harrow and preserving soil moisture, and leveling the surface of earth; treating corn by using a seed coating agent before the corn is seeded, wherein the seed coating agent comprises actinomycin, bacillus mucilaginosus, azospirillum, diatomite, spicy powder, heteroauxin, potassium sulphate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, an alpha-pimacol growth regulator, an EDTA-2Na chelating agent, humic acid and turf; mixing bactericide and insecticide with seeds for treating the seeds, namely, firstly adding the insecticide, and then adding the bactericide after piling for 3-6 hours; and immediately seeding after the seed mixing treatment is finished.

The invention provides a plain area soil organic carbon three-dimensional space distribution simulation method. The method comprises the steps of (1) fitting a soil organic carbon profile change optimal depth function and determining function parameters; (2) analyzing influence factors of soil organic carbon profile depth function parameters; and (3) constructing and calculating a three-dimensional space distribution simulation model. According to the invention, environment auxiliary variables for simulating soil property spatial distribution in a smooth terrain area are constructed; a soil depth transfer function and a regression Kriging method are used to establish a soil organic carbon three-dimensional space distribution simulation model in the smooth terrain area; the three-dimensional space distribution simulation method research of the soil organic carbon in the region is carried out; a reliable simulation method can be provided for accurately mastering soil organic carbon three-dimensional space-time evolution information under the high-strength agricultural utilization background of the terrain smooth area, and a method reference can be provided for accurately estimating the organic carbon reserve of the area and guaranteeing the soil safety and the grain safety.

A wheat heat resistance identification method is provided. The method includes identifying heat resistance in an intelligent greenhouse, identifying heat resistance in a greenhouse built in land for growing field crops, recording heat resistance identification indexes, calculating a thermal inductance index, determining variety heat resistance, determining a stable heat resistant variety, and other steps. Identification results of the method are accurate and reliable. According to the method, heat resistance identification in the intelligent greenhouse and heat resistance identification in the greenhouse built in land for growing field crops are combined, and interannual heat resistance identification results and heat resistance identification results of different ecoregions are compared and combined, and therefore the method is of great significance for heat resistance identification of wheat genetic resources and breeding parents, for screening of proper heat resistant wheat varieties suitable for plantation in Huanghuaihai zones and for grain safety in China. The identification indexes are easy to measure, and through mutual corroboration of indoor identification and land identification, heat resistance of a wheat variety can be truly reflected.

The invention discloses a hyperspectral measurement method of the nitrogen content of wheat plants. The method comprises the following steps: selecting test samples, collecting data, processing the data and screening models, constructing a most suitable monitoring model of the nitrogen content of the wheat plants, optimizing the monitoring model of the nitrogen content of the wheat plants, and testing and inspecting the monitoring model of the nitrogen content of the wheat plants. According to the method, different wheat genotypes are used as materials, hyperspectral remote-sensing technologyis utilized to measure the nitrogen content of the wheat plants under different conditions of planting locations, years, growth development time periods, fertilization levels, planting density and thelike, the hyperspectral remote-sensing technology overcomes the disadvantages of cumbersomeness, troubles and manpower consuming of traditional measurement methods, a large amount of continuous spectral information can be quickly, effectively and non-destructively obtained, and possibility is provided for real-time monitoring of crop growth trends and nutritional status and estimation of crop nitrogen content, yield, quality and the like.

The invention relates to a method for cultivating corn in saline-alkali soil. The method includes: broad irrigating the saline-alkali soil in the middle of March with the irrigation amount of 60-100m<3> each mu, airing for 1-1.5 months to allow earth surface to be dried enough for entering, applying 1000-1500kg of miscellaneous manure or 50-55kg of composite fertilizer to each mu, performing rotary tillage once to twice to mix the soil and the fertilizer, raking to preserve soil moisture, and levelling soil surface; processing with seed coating before sowing corn, adding pesticide first during germicide and pesticide seed dressing, piling and stuffing for 3-6 hours, then adding germicide, and sowing immediately after seed dressing, wherein the seed coating comprises actinomycin, bacillus subtilis, azospirillum, fulvic acid, carry powder, indole acetic acid, trace elements, alpha-pimacol growth regulator, EDTA-2Na chelating agent, humic acid and turf.

The invention discloses a soil conditioner for reducing bioavailability of cadmium in acid heavy cadmium polluted soil, which comprises red mud and zinc fertilizer at a mass ratio of (50-100):1. The invention also discloses a method for improving mild or moderate polluted soil, which comprises the following steps: selecting cadmium-containing acid slight-moderate polluted soil as improvement object, before ploughing and fertilizing, uniformly spreading soil conditioner on the surface of the moderately or heavily polluted soil while controlling the use amount of the soil conditioner at a levelat which 1,500-9,000 Kg red mud and 15-90 Kg zinc fertilizer are contained per hectare soil, ploughing to enable red mud and zinc fertilizer to be sufficiently mixed with the polluted soil, and balancing for 7-10 days. The soil conditioner and the soil improvement method provided by the invention have the advantages of low cost, quick action, high safety, is environment-friendly, and on the like,and can effectively reduce the bioavailability of cadmium in acid heavy metal polluted soil.

The invention provides a water-saving, fertilizer-saving, high-yield and efficient planting method for corn in semiarid regions. The water-saving, fertilizer-saving, high-yield and efficient planting method has the advantages that water and nutrients can be simultaneously supplied by the aid of drip irrigation systems according to water and nutrient requirement laws of t various growth and development stages of the corn in the semiarid regions, accordingly, water and nutrients which are required by the corn can be timely and accurately supplied, water and nutrient requirements of the corn in different periods can be met, and water and fertilizers can be cooperatively managed and efficiently utilized.

The invention discloses a method for planting corn, which comprises the following steps of sowing and seedling raising, transplanting, fertilizing, weeding, hilling, moisture management, pest control and timely harvesting. The method improves abilities of soil conservation, fertilizer conservation and water conservation of soil, and corn plants are good in light transmission and ventilation, deep in the root system, and strong in lodging-resistant performance; under the premise of ensuring national food security, applying quantity of chemical fertilizer is reduced, so that cost reduction and income increase are realized for farmers, energy conservation is realized for the country, the environment is protected, and agricultural sustainable development is promoted.

The invention provides a high-yield maize planting method. The high-yield maize planting method is characterized by including the steps of seed treatment, field planting, field management and water and fertilizer management, maize seeds of an excellent hybrid maize variety which is resistant to close planting, dwarf, resistant to falling, compact in plant type, green in straw, proper in mature period, free of cluster baldness and resistant to diseases and pests are selected and treated through a special organic seed coating agent for maize, wherein the organic seed coating agent is composed of actinomycin, bacillus subtilis, azospirillum brasilense, fulvic acid, spice powder, heteroauxin, microelements, a sodium alpha-naphthaleneacitic acid growth regulator, an EDTA-2Na chelating agent, humic acid and turf.

The invention discloses a cultivation method for increasing the yield of sweet sorghum in high saline-alkali soil. The cultivation method comprises the following steps: in the mid month of March, performing broad irrigation on the saline-alkali soil once, wherein the irrigation amount of each mu of soil is 60-100m<3>; airing for 1-1.5 months till the soil surface is dried and people can stand on the soil; applying 1000-1500kg of miscellaneous manure or 50-55kg of a composite fertilizer to each mu of the soil; performing rotary tillage once to twice so as to mix up the soil and the fertilizer; pressing by using a rake to preserve soil moisture, and flattening the land; treating seeds of sweet sorghum by using a seed coating before being seeded, wherein the seed coating is prepared from actinomycin, bacillus subtilis, azospirillum brasilense, fulvic acid, spicy powder, heteroauxin, microelements, a sodium alpha-naphthyl acetate growth regulator, an EDTA-2Na chelating agent, humic acid, turf, a bactericide and an insecticide; when mixing is implemented for seed dressing, blending the insecticide with the seeds firstly, stacking and tightly covering for 3-6 hours, further introducing the bactericide, and immediately seeding after the seed dressing is implemented.

The invention discloses a cultivation, precise fertilization and comprehensive cultivation method for single cropping rice. By the method, various functions such as cultivation and precise fertilization are synthesized into a whole to realize the high yield of the single cropping rice. By the method, dry cultivation and direct seeding or seedling belt pots are used for transplanting, and then the precise fertilization is performed. The method is integrated with soil regulation, deep tillage and dry farming, straw fermentation and return, south and north rowing, wide row distances and narrow planting distances, isometric balanced close planting of wide and narrow row distances and spraying of plant energy-gathering fertilizers. The method is suitable for realizing high quality and high yield of paddy improved varieties. The method has the functions of soil conservation, fertilizer conservation, cold resistance, drought resistance, lodging resistance and pest and disease resistance; and on the premise of ensuring national food security, the using amount of the chemical fertilizers is reduced, the expense of farmers is reduced, the income of the farmers is increased, national energy sources are saved, environmental protection is realized, and the agricultural sustainable development is promoted.

The invention discloses a plant protection system and method for a multispectral fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle matched with a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle. The Plant protection systemand method for the multispectral fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle matched with the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle comprises a multispectral fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle, a ground software analysis system and a plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle. The multispectral fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with a multispectral imager on the fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle. The fixed wing unmanned aerial vehicle is provided with a GPS locator. Four one-million-and-two-hundreds- thousand pixel narrow-band monochromatic sensors and a 16 million pixel RGB tricolor sensor are arranged on the multispectral imager. The four one-million-and-two-hundreds-thousand pixel narrow-band monochromatic sensors are a green light narrow-band monochromatic sensor, a red light narrow-band monochromatic sensor, a red edge light narrow-band monochromatic sensor, and a near-infrared narrow- band monochromatic sensor. A SD card slot facilitating to export data is formed in the multispectral imager. A plastic medicine box is carried on the plant protection unmanned aerial vehicle. The variations of land resources and crop groups are fully understood, the management measures and the amount of material inputs are accurately and accurately adjusted according to the specific conditions of each operation unit in a field Adapt to local conditions, so as to obtain the maximum economic benefit.

The invention discloses a passivating method for reducing bioavailability of cadmium in acidic cadmium polluted soil. The passivant adopted by the method is industrial waste which is obtained by recycling pulp alkaline liquor with hydrated lime in the paper mill. The industrial waste generally contains 0.8g / kg-3.0g / kg of effective silicon, 0.6g / kg-2.0g / kg of effective iron and 100.0mg / kg-400.0mg / kg of effective phosphorus. The passivating method of the invention has the advantages of resource conservation, environmental friend, low cost, simple operation and the like, and can effectively control the soil heavy metal pollution and reduce the bioavailability of cadmium in acidic cadmium polluted soil.

The invention belongs to the technical field of rice genetic engineering, and in particular relates to functions and application of a transcription factor gene OsMYB91 in an MYB family relevant to stress-tolerance. The gene has the nucleotide sequence length of 990 bp, and is induced by various stress conditions such as drought simulation, cold, salt, heat shock, and plant hormones including ABA, ACC, NAA, 6-BA, JA, SA and the like; under the natural growing condition, the plant height of an over-expression pant of the gene is obviously lowered than that of a wild plant and an inhibited plant; when a rooting culture medium containing mannitol and ABA is used for treating the seedlings of over-expression, RNAi and wild plants, the over-expression of the gene is discovered to be capable of increasing the resistance to mannitol, and meanwhile, the growth and the germination rate of the transgenic plant are both influenced by an exogenous ABA; measurement of physiological indexes relevant to stress-tolerance of different transgenic plants after the NaCl treatment shows that the gene has the function of reinforcing the resistance of the rice.

The invention discloses an adaptive water-saving irrigation method based on dynamic drought prediction. The adaptive water-saving irrigation method comprises the steps: building an irrigation region dynamic drought grade evaluation method through taking the soil moisture content as an index, building a soil moisture content real-time prediction model based on water balance, and judging the droughtgrade in a future prediction period based on short-term weather prediction; further determining a crop irrigation threshold value according to the pre-judged drought level; and constructing a crop real-time irrigation forecasting model, and forecasting the irrigation amount day by day in the forecasting period. Based on a crop water deficit compensation effect theory, the adaptive water-saving irrigation method innovatively provides a crop adaptive irrigation threshold value by fully considering the drought condition in the future time period, improves the defect that a single irrigation threshold value is taken in the crop growth period, and establishes the organic relation between crop irrigation and drought, so that the field water utilization efficiency is effectively improved, and the drought risk of crops is reduced, and the adaptive water-saving irrigation method has important significance in guaranteeing the national grain safety and developing efficient water-saving agriculture.

The invention discloses a novel cultivation, precise fertilizer-application and comprehensive cultivation method for rice. In the method, rice seedling on upland fields, machine transplanting for cultivating in water, precise fertilizer application, soil conditioning, spade husbandry, straw fermentation field restoration, digging rows from south to north, narrow plants on wide rows and equally-balanced close planting are combined with ecological function BB (Bulk blending) fertilizer dedicated for precise basal application rice, functional organic fertilizer, functional urea, applied plant energy gathering fertilizer and liquid water-soluble silicon fertilizer. The method is suitable to realize high quality and yield on the rice fine breed. With the method, rice ventilation and light transmitting capability is improved, luminous energy, wind energy, fertilizer energy, hydroenergy and bioenergy are fully utilized; the functions of keeping fertilizer and resisting cold, drought, lodging and pest diseases can be improved; on the basis of improving rice quality, the high yield of grain is achieved, national grain safety is guaranteed, fertilizer utilization amount is reduced according to equal-yield calculation, cost is saved and income is increased for farmers, energy is saved for the nation, the environment is protected, and the agricultural sustainable development is accelerated.

The invention provides a close planting cultivating method for high-yield corn. The close planting cultivating method includes the steps of seed treatment, field planting, field management, weeding and water and fertilizer management. An excellent hybrid corn variety which is resistant to close planting, short in stalk, compact in plant type, capable of achieving straw staygreen, proper in mature period, free of baldness of clusters, resistant to lodging and resistant to diseases and pests is selected, rectangular land pieces are formed for planting, the width of the rectangular land pieces is 120-140 cm, the height of the rectangular land pieces is about 20 cm, the corn is planted in wide and narrow rows, the line spacing between the wide rows is 100-150 cm, the line spacing between the narrow rows is 40-50 cm, the distance between holes is 35-40 cm, three seedlings are planted in each hole, the treated seeds are sown in ditches in the mode that two seeds are planted at each point, the seeds are covered with soil while being sown, the soil is compacted after the seeds are covered with soil of one cun, and 5,700-6,700 seedlings are reserved per mu.

The invention relates to a breeding method of high-ripening-rate paddy rice and belongs to the technical field of plant breeding. According to the breeding method, a parent is selected to be subjected to single or multiple cross and different ecological shuttle breeding, so that the deficiencies of low ripening rate and instability of a variety in existing production are overcome, a novel variety of paddy rice which has the characteristics of high quality, high yield and multiple resistance and is resistant to high temperature and low temperature is bred, and current agricultural production requirements are well met.

The invention relates to an abiotic stress response related protein, and an encoding gene and application thereof. The abiotic stress response related protein comprises a protein (a) having an amino acid sequence shown as SEQ ID NO: 2 or a protein (b) which is formed by performing substitution and / or deletion and / or addition on one or more amino acids in the amino acid sequence of the protein (a), is derived from the protein (a), and has an abiotic stress resistance activity. According to the invention, the abiotic stress response related protein is firstly isolated from sorghum, the protein is particularly tolerant to salt stress, the salt-tolerated protein / gene HPS1 is tolerated to salt stress with the concentration of 450 mM, and the protein is very important to improvement, development and utilization of saline land resources, land pressure relief, reserved cultivated land increase and guarantee of food security.

The invention discloses application of an ethylene responsive factor gene OsERF3 in regulating and controlling the development of rice roots. By using a yeast two-hybrid method, an ethylene responsive factor OsERF3 interacted with a published OsWOX11 protein is obtained by screening. By using an overexpression and small artificial interference RNA method, transformed rice corresponding to a gene is obtained, and a situation that the length of a main root and the number of crown roots of a plant subjected to gene overexpression are obviously increased in comparison with those of wild compared plants, and the length increasing of the main root is caused by the length increasing of cells in a maturation zone of a root tip, the length of the main root and the number of crown roots of a plant subjected to small artificial interference RNA transgenosis are obviously reduced in comparison with those of wild compared plants, and the length reducing of the main root is caused by the length reducing of cells in a meristematic zone and a maturation zone. Results show that the gene has a function of promoting the development of rice roots. A result of fusing the promoter of the gene with a report gene beta-glucuronidase shows that the gene is expressed in a meristematic zone of a root tip.

The invention relates to a micro-sprinkling belt spreading and rolling dual-purpose machine. The micro-sprinkling belt spreading and rolling dual-purpose machine comprises a rack, a steering handle, a tape feed roller, a crawler wheel, a press wheel, a soil scraper, a transmission device and a guide wheel, wherein the rack consists of an upper beam, a long arm and two forked structures which are connected into an integer from top to bottom in sequence; the forked structures are respectively fixed at front and rear sides of the long arm through a lower beam vertical to the long arm; the two forked structures are respectively used for fixing the crawler wheel and the press wheel; the steering handle is T-shaped; the lower end of the steering handle is connected on the upper beam; the tape feed roller is fixed on the long arm between the lower beam and the upper beam through a wheel shaft; the crawler wheel and the press wheel are mounted on the rack through the wheel shaft; the soil scraper plate is movably connected to the front end of the press wheel through a connecting rod; the guide wheel is arranged behind the rack. The micro-sprinkling belt spreading and rolling dual-purpose machine can realize multiple purposes, is simple in structure, strong in function and good in stability, not only can be used for spreading micro-sprinkling belt, but also can be used for rolling the micro-sprinkling belt, so that the abrasion to the micro-sprinkling belt is reduced, and the service life of the micro-sprinkling belt is prolonged.

The invention relates to a method for controlling erosion gullies for land reclamation in flat gullies. The invention relates to a water and soil conservation engineering technology, in particular to a method for controlling erosion ditch for land reclamation. The purpose of the invention is to solve the problems of slope cutting and land occupation, low land utilization rate and no consideration of channel drainage in the current treatment method of erosion ditch. Methods: 1. Slope cutting; 2. Planting vegetation; 3. Building drainage facilities; 4. Building water storage facilities; 5. Building ditch bottom drainage facilities. The present invention changes the slope surface of the original barren ditch into a terraced field surface, which increases the stability of the slope. At the same time, economic forests are planted on the field surface, which can generate additional economic benefits, increase grain production, and increase farmers' income; supporting drainage facilities It can effectively divert the incoming water from the slope, fully reduce the erosion of the field surface by the incoming water on the slope, and enhance the stability of the slope; Rainwater is stored for use in field crop irrigation or spraying.

A high-yield maize culture method includes the steps of seed treatment, field planting, field management and water and fertilizer management. The method is characterized in that in the seed treatment step, maize seeds are treated through a special organic seed coating agent for maize, the seed coating agent is composed of actinomycin, bacillus mucilaginous, azospirillum brasilense, kieselguhr, spice powder, heteroauxin, potassium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, a sodium alpha-naphthaleneacitic acid growth regulator, an EDTA-2Na chelating agent, humic acid and turf.

The invention discloses a method and system of rice-oenanthe javanica-cherax quadricarinatus integrated planting and breeding. The method includes digging an annular trench in a dam between rice fields, wherein floating beds, microporous oxygenation devices and a temporary rearing tank separated by a net are arranged in the annular trench and the dam is provided with an anti-escape device; planting rice in the rice fields and performing rice planting management; cultivating oenanthe javanica in the floating beds, and performing oenanthe javanica cultivating management; and breeding cherax quadricarinatus in the annular trench, and performing cherax quadricarinatus breeding management. As the cherax quadricarinatus is bred in the annular trench of the rice field and the oenanthe javanica iscultivated on the water surface of the annular trench through the floating beds, the land utilization rate can be increased; a symbiotic system of rice, aquatic vegetables and shrimps can be established; and through mutualistic symbiosis, rice fertilizer input can be reduced, pesticides are not needed, so that high-quality and ecological rice can be produced, therefore, food safety can be guaranteed, and agricultural efficiency, farmer income increasing and rural beautification can be realized.

The invention discloses a soil improvement method under a crop rotation system of wheat-corn in a tide soil region of North China. The method aims at solving the technical problems of shallow soil tillage layer and low soil water and fertilizer conservation capacity. The method comprises the following steps: in a wheat planting season, corn stalks of the last season are crushed and the whole amount of straws is returned to the field combined with soil rotating tillage. The depth of the rotating tillage is controlled to 15-18 centimeters, and basal fertilizer especially for the wheat is appliedwhile the wheat is sowed. Urea is applied to wheat during green-back period, and watering is carried out in time after the application. In a corn planting season, the wheat stalks of the last seasonare crushed and returned to the field in full amount in combination with the deep loosening of soil spacing. The distances between deep loosening ditches are determined according to the distances between the sowing rows of the corn. Fertilizer especially for the corn is applied while the corn is sowed. The corn is sowed between two adjacent deep lessening ditches or tillage-free areas in the ditches. The method can improve the structure of soil arable layers, promote the expansion of the arable layers, improve the production performance of the soil, ensure the uniform distribution of nutrientsbetween arable layers, promote the growth of crops, and improve the unit yield.

A cultivation method improving sorghum yield comprises the steps of seed treatment, field planting, field management and water and fertilizer management. The method is characterized in that in seed treatment, organic seed clothing special for sorghum is conducted on sorghum seeds, wherein a seed coating comprises actinomycin, bacillus mucilaginosus, azospirillum brasilense, infusorial earth, carry powder, heteroauxin, potassium sulphate, magnesium sulfate, zinc sulfate, alpha-pimacol growth regulator, EDTA-2Na chelating agent, humic acid and turf.

The invention discloses an intelligent bulk grain transport vehicle system with a function of bulk grain online management, and the system comprises a grain condition detection subsystem, an intelligent environmental control module, environmental control equipment, an intelligent terminal, and a remote management platform. The grain condition detection subsystem detects grain condition data in real time, and transmits the grain condition data to the intelligent environmental control module through the intelligent terminal. The intelligent environmental control module carries out reasoning through combining an expert system according to the grain condition data, and obtains an environmental control strategy. The intelligent terminal automatically controls the environmental control equipment according to the current environmental control strategy, and enables the environmental control equipment to adjust the grain storage environment in a carriage to the optimal state. The intelligent terminal enables the data to be transmitted to the remote management platform, and achieves the remote supervision of bulk grain transport vehicles. The system can effectively supervise the condition change of grain in a long-distance transport process, automatically controls the grain condition, protects grain from mildewing in the long-distance transport process, carries out the whole-course tracking of grain logistics, and achieves the intelligent networking management in the whole process of grain logistics.

The invention discloses a strain and a method for producing succinic acid by fermenting xylose mother liquor. The strain is actinobacillus succinogenes PZ, and has a preservation number of CCTCC (China Center For Type Culture Collection) No: M2016396. The actinobacillus succinogenes can be used for producing the succinic acid by fermenting the high-concentration xylose mother liquor; the maximum yield of the succinic acid can reach 95g / L, and the maximum production rate of the succinic acid is 85%. The method provided by the invention is low in cost, high in yield and simple in technology, realizes the efficient resource utilization of the xylose mother liquor, and has great significance on resource optimization and environmental protection.