[0049]Example one
[0050]The invention provides an aerospace grade ball grid precision machining system, such asFigure 1-11 As shown, it includes a worktable 100, a rotating table 200, a linear displacement ball grid 300, a first angular displacement ball grid 400, an anti-backlash transmission system 500, a second angular displacement ball grid 600, a swing seat 700, a universal ball seat 800, and The swing assembly 900, the worktable 100 is moved and set on the rotating table 200, the linear displacement ball grid 300 measures the movement of the worktable 100, the rotating table 200 is rotated and set on the swing seat 700 through the anti-backlash transmission system 500, and the first angular displacement ball The grid 400 measures the amount of rotation of the rotating table 200, the swing seat 700 is set on the universal ball seat 800 through the swing assembly 900, and the second angular displacement ball grid 600 measures the amount of swing of the swing seat 700, and the workpiece is fixed on the table 100 Above, with the multi-dimensional operation and precision control of the processing machine, a full-scale spatial processing process of the workpiece is realized, and the processing efficiency and precision of the workpiece are improved.
[0051]Specifically, the swing seat 700 is a columnar structure, and a first ball head 740 is provided at the lower end. Correspondingly, the center of the universal ball seat 800 is provided with a spherical concave surface 821, and the swing seat 700 is movably set on the spherical concave surface through the first ball head 740. In 821, the swing seat 700 is oscillated in any direction at the center of the universal ball seat 800, and the universal ball seat 800 is suspended on the ground through 810, so that the spherical concave surface 821 is suspended on the ground;
[0052]The rotating table 200 is rotatably arranged on the upper end of the swing seat 700. A rotating sleeve 750 is longitudinally provided on the upper end of the swing seat 700. Correspondingly, a rotating shaft 270 matched with the rotating sleeve 750 extends from the center of the lower end of the rotating table 200. Inside the sleeve 750, the rotating table 200 is restricted to the upper end of the swing seat 700 and can rotate freely in 360°. The upper surface of the rotary table 200 is provided with two supports 210 in parallel. The supports 210 span both ends of the rotary table 200. The inner side of the upper end of the support 210 is provided with a chute. The table 100 is moved and arranged on the chute. The length of the chute is It is consistent with the length of the support 210, and a limit table is provided at both ends of the chute to limit the movement of the station table 100.
[0053]A screw-in screw 230 is provided at the bottom of the worktable 100. The screw-in screw 230 is located in parallel between the two supports 210. The first end of the screw-in screw 230 is provided with a hand wheel 250, and the second end of the screw-in screw 230 is provided with In the first motor 240, a screw seat hole 220 is provided on the rotating table 200 between the two supports 210, and a gapless screw seat 260 is screwed on the outer circumference of the center of the screwed screw 230. 260 is fixed in the screw base hole 220. When the screw 230 is rotated, the screw 230 is screwed in and out of the gapless screw base 260, thereby driving the worktable 100 to move back and forth on the support 210 .
[0054]The linear displacement ball grid 300 includes a linear ball grid 320 arranged at the upper end of the chute and a first reading head 310 sleeved on the linear ball grid 320. The first reading head 310 is synchronously connected with the side wall of the worktable 100. The linear ball The length of the scale 320 is greater than the moving range of the workbench 100. When the worktable 100 moves on the support 210, the movement of the worktable 100 can be measured in real time, that is, the high-precision line processing control of the work piece is performed, and the linear displacement of the work piece is equal to the worktable 100 The amount of movement, the linear displacement machining accuracy of the workpiece is the measurement accuracy of the linear displacement ball grid 300, and the accuracy can reach micrometers or more.
[0055]The upper end of the swing seat 700 is transversely provided with a first bracket 710. The first angular displacement ball grid 400 includes an annular ball grid 420 arranged at the lower end of the rotating table 200 and a second reading head 410 sleeved on the annular ball grid 420. The second reading head 410 is synchronously connected with the rotating table 200, the second reading head 410 measures the rotation angle of the rotating table 200 in real time, and the annular ball scale 420 is arranged concentrically with the rotating table 200. In order to further improve the measured rotation accuracy of the rotating table 200, two, four, six or more second reading heads 410 may be symmetrically sleeved on the annular ball scale 420 to calculate the average displacement, thereby further Improve the measurement accuracy of the first angular displacement ball grid 400.
[0056]The upper end of the swing seat 700 is provided with at least two second brackets 720 at intervals. In this embodiment, a floor stand 720 is provided on opposite sides of the swing seat 700, and the anti-backlash transmission system 500 is provided at the upper end of the second bracket 720. The anti-backlash transmission system 500 includes a second motor 510, a reduction box 520 connected to the output shaft of the second motor 510, and an anti-backlash gear 530 arranged at the output end of the reduction box 520. The reduction box 520 is a multi-stage reduction box to increase the reduction ratio. A ring of internal gear 280 is provided on the outer periphery of the lower end of the rotating table 200. The anti-backlash gear 530 meshes with the internal gear 280. The second motor 510 drives the rotating table 200 to 360° on the swing seat 700 through the meshed anti-backlash gear 530 and the internal gear 280. °Rotation drives the second reading head 410 to rotate synchronously on the annular ball scale 420, so as to accurately measure the precise rotation angle of the rotating table 200, that is, the rotation angle of the workpiece can be accurately controlled to improve the processing accuracy.
[0057]Generally, the meshing connection of the anti-backlash gear 530 and the internal gear 280 has a tooth pitch gap. The anti-backlash gear 530 and the side wall of the internal gear 280 are in contact, driving the rotating table 200 to rotate in one direction. When the rotating table When the 200 rotates in the other direction, that is, when it is reversed, the anti-backlash gear 530 needs to be idly moved by one gear pitch to make the anti-backlash gear 530 contact the side wall of the gear on the other side of the internal gear 280, and the anti-backlash gear 53 drives to rotate The table 200 is reversed. The one-tooth gap that causes the anti-backlash gear 530 to rotate idly affects the rotation accuracy of the rotating table 200, that is, causes the machining error of the workpiece to be processed, and affects the product quality. In order to solve this problem, An anti-backlash transmission system 500 meshing with the internal gear 280 is provided on the opposite sides of the swing seat 700, wherein the anti-backlash gear 530 of the first anti-backlash transmission system 500 collides with the first side wall of the internal gear 280, and The anti-backlash gear 530 of the second anti-backlash transmission system 500 conflicts with the second side wall of the internal gear 280, and the two anti-backlash transmission systems 500 operate synchronously, so that when the rotating table 200 rotates forward or reversely, the anti-backlash gear 530 Both of them conflict with the two opposite side walls of the internal gear 280, thereby eliminating the one-tooth gap that causes the anti-backlash gear 530 to rotate idle, so that the gap of the anti-backlash gear 530 driving the rotating table 200 to rotate is less than 1μ, which is close to zero gap, which is lower than the first The μ-level measurement accuracy of the angular displacement ball grid ensures the rotation accuracy of the rotating table 200, thereby improving the processing accuracy of the workpiece.
[0058]The lower end of the swing base 700 is provided with third brackets 730 on opposite sides respectively. The third bracket 730 is a plate-shaped structure. Two third brackets 730 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the swing base 700. The swing assembly 900 is installed on the third bracket 730. Above, the swing assembly 900 includes:
[0059]The third motor 941 is arranged downward on the upper end of the third bracket 730, the output shaft of the third motor 941 is laterally provided with a power gear 940, and the power gear 940 is located at the lower end of the third bracket 730;
[0060]A pair of speed-regulating gears 930 are meshingly connected to both sides of the power gear 940. The third bracket 730 is provided with a long through hole 731. The center of the speed-regulating gear 930 extends upwards with a mounting shaft 931. The mounting shaft 931 is arranged on the long strip. In the through hole 731;
[0061]A pair of ball screw rods 910 are vertically penetrated and arranged on both sides of the third bracket 730. The screw thread of the pair of ball screw rods 910 are screwed in opposite directions. The ball screw rods 910 are meshed and connected with the third bracket 730, and the spherical concave surface 821 The universal ball sockets 800 on both sides are each equipped with two ball sockets 822 spaced apart. The second ball socket 950 at the lower end of the ball screw 910 is restricted in the ball socket 822 by the ball screw cover 960, so that The ball screw 910 can swing freely in the ball socket 822, and a floating screw gear 920 meshing with the speed regulating gear 930 is transversely provided on the ball screw 910;
[0062]Thus, the power gear 940 meshes with each other through the speed regulating gear 930 and the floating screw gear 920 on both sides, the third motor 941 drives the power gear 940 to rotate, and the speed reduction gear 930 drives the two floating screw gears 920 in the same direction. Rotation means to drive the two ball screws 910 to rotate in the same direction. Because the screw threads of the two ball screws 910 are in opposite directions, the ball screw 910 on the first side moves upward in the third bracket 730. And the ball screw 910 on the second side is screwed down in the third bracket 730. The swing components 900 on the third brackets 730 on both sides operate synchronously, so that the third bracket 730 swings toward one side, and the ball head The second ball head 950 at the lower end of the screw rod 910 rotates and swings in the ball head seat 822. Cooperating with the swinging process of the swinging seat 700, the third motor 941 rotates forward and backward to realize the left and right swinging process of the swing seat 700 and drive the rotation. The table 200 and its work table 100 swing.
[0063]The second angular displacement ball grid 600 includes an arc-shaped ball scale 620 with a certain arc length and a third reading head 610 sleeved on the arc-shaped ball scale 620. The arc-shaped ball scale 620 is located on the universal ball seat 800 The third reading head 610 is fixed on the outside of the third bracket 730, so that the third reading head 610 and the swing assembly 900 swing synchronously to measure the swing angle of the swing assembly 900 in real time. The plane of the pair of ball screw 910 and the curved ball The plane where the scale 620 is located is parallel, and the distance between the rotation fulcrum of the third reading head 610 and the first ball head 740 is consistent with the radius of the arc ball scale 620, so that the swing trajectory of the third reading head 610 following the swing assembly 900 is consistent with the arc ball The scale 620 is the same. In this embodiment, the arc-shaped ball scale 620 has a semicircular structure, and the two ends extend upward from the universal ball seat 800. The radius of the arc-shaped ball scale 620 can be based on the third reading head 610. Adjust the swing radius.
[0064]The working principle is as follows:
[0065]The workpiece is installed on the worktable 100, and the machining tool head of the machine can be fixedly installed or movable. According to the installation position of the workpiece on the worktable 100, the location of the tool head, and the processing range and Shape, determine the required running track of the workpiece, so as to control and accurately control the running process of the whole machine. The running process of the whole machine is driven by the first motor 240, the second motor 510 and the third motor 941. A motor 240 controls the horizontal movement process of the workpiece, and the linear displacement ball grid 300 is used for real-time monitoring. The second motor 510 controls the rotation process of the workpiece. The first angular displacement ball grid 400 is used for real-time monitoring. The third motor 941 controls the workpiece. The swing process of the workpiece is monitored in real time with the second angular displacement ball grid 600. With the multi-dimensional operation and precision control of the processing machine, a full-scale spatial precision processing process of the workpiece is realized through two anti-backlash gears 530 To eliminate the rotation gap of the processed part, improve the processing efficiency and accuracy of the processed part, the multi-dimensional operation of the processing machine drives the processed part to control the processing range, shape and size, and the tool head controls the processing depth until the processing is completed. Single-sided processing of parts, a single positioning can complete all the processing procedures of a single-sided, which improves the processing efficiency and avoids the processing errors caused by multiple positioning, that is, improves the processing accuracy; simultaneously introduces multiple ball grid measurement and Under the double action of signal feedback, multi-dimensional synchronous high-precision measurement is realized, real-time measurement of the movement of the processing machine, to accurately control the processing process, and further improve the processing accuracy of the processed part, so that the original design model and processing can obtain the processed part The size is basically the same, which improves the accuracy and quality of the product, and the processing accuracy reaches the micron level.
