Device and method for co-converting of heavy inferior oil and coal

Abstract

The invention discloses a device and a method for efficient co-conversion of heavy inferior oil and coal. The device comprises a feeding unit, a gasification unit, a cracking unit and a coke breeze returning unit, wherein the feeding unit comprises a raw oil feeding system and a pulverized coal feeding system and is used for stably conveying raw oil and pulverized coal; the gasification unit comprises a gasification area, a gasification separator and a particle backflow device and is used for completing gasification of semicoke and coal; wherein the cracking unit comprises a premixing area anda lifting cracking area and is used for completing co-cracking of raw oil and a solid medium; the coke breeze returning unit comprises a cracking separator, a variable-pressure collection tank, a secondary variable-pressure buffer tank, a semicoke collection tank and a semicoke feeder, and is used for completing gas-solid separation and solid semicoke gasification area and cracking area materialreturning; according to the method, the defects that the yield is low and the provided heat is limited when petroleum coke is singly cracked by the heavy inferior oil are effectively overcome, a heatcarrier and a hydrogen-rich reaction gas are provided for effectively improving the coke generation problem caused by the side wall effect in the cracking process of the heavy inferior oil, and the yield and quality of the cracked oil are improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of coal chemical industry, and in particular relates to a device and method for co-conversion of heavy and low-quality oil and coal. Background technique [0002] With the heavy and inferior quality of crude oil, the output of inferior heavy oil or residual oil (heavy oil, super heavy oil, oil sand bitumen, vacuum residual oil, deoiled bitumen, etc., hereinafter referred to as inferior heavy oil) has increased dramatically. The upgrading technology of inferior heavy oil can be divided into two routes: decarburization and hydrogenation, mainly including delayed coking, hydrocracking, catalytic cracking, etc. Due to the problems of catalyst deactivation, operating cost and technical maturity, the catalytic processing process represented by catalytic cracking and hydrocracking is difficult to meet the processing needs of inferior heavy oil. The delayed coking process produces a large amount of coke, especially...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The pyrolysis process of heavy and low-quality oil is easy to coke, and the amount of petroleum coke produced at the same time is small. How to avoid the reaction and coking of heavy and low-quality oil is the key. It is difficult to realize the integrated reaction of pyrolysis and gasification of heavy and low-quality oil alone

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