Tailing pond duty synergy system and method before pond closing

[0033] It should be noted that the embodiments in the application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other if there is no conflict. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments.

[0034] It should be pointed out that, unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used in this application have the same meanings as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the technical field to which this application belongs.

[0035] In the present invention, if there is no explanation to the contrary, the orientation words used such as "up and down" are usually for the direction shown in the drawings, or for the vertical, vertical or gravity direction. Similarly, for ease of understanding and description, "left and right" usually refers to the left and right shown in the drawings; "inner and outer" refers to the inner and outer relative to the contour of each component itself, but the above-mentioned orientation The words are not used to limit the invention.

[0036] In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are only for descriptive purposes, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0037] After the tailings pond has been in service to the middle and late stages, it needs to be closed. However, because the mine is still in operation and needs to discharge the tailings, it is necessary to build a new tailing pond to store the tailings produced by subsequent production. When some mines reach the later stage, the ore margin is not large, and the corresponding tailings produced are not large. At that time, the newly built tailings depot to store tailings will inevitably require land acquisition and necessary new construction procedures. The cycle will take 2-3 years and the project investment will be relatively large. The storage capacity utilization rate of tailings ponds that need to be closed after service is usually about 75%-85%, which means that the storage capacity utilization is not sufficient. For tailings ponds that are expected to be closed after the service is completed, If the ore continues to be drawn into it, the artificial low-lying area near the tail of the reservoir will be occupied by tailings particles and there is not enough space for flood regulation and drainage. It is very easy to cause accidents, and the storage capacity of the tailings reservoir cannot be fully utilized.

[0038] In order to solve the technical problem that the storage capacity of the tailings pond in the prior art is not fully utilized and the tailings pond needs to be newly built due to the closed storage, the embodiments of the present application provide a system and method for increasing the occupancy of the tailings pond before closing.

[0039] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0040] Such as figure 1 with figure 2 As shown, the embodiments of the present application provide a tailings pond occupancy efficiency system before closing, and the tailings pond occupancy efficiency system 100 before closing includes a tailing pond 10, a sub-dikes 20, and a sub-dikes within the warehouse. A discharging area 101 and a drainage area 102 are formed between 20 and the tailings pond 10.

[0041] The tailings pond 10 is a tailings pond that serves to the middle and late stages, that is, a tailings pond that needs to be closed or needs to be closed shortly after service. A dry beach 11 (ie, dry beach before closure) is formed in the tailings reservoir 10. The dry beach 11 is the tailings sedimentary beach from the top of the tailing dam 12 of the tailings reservoir 10 to the water edge of the reservoir. The mine is discharged in front of the tailings dam 12, the larger particles are deposited in front of the dam, the tailings water flows to the lower end of the reservoir, and the water is continuously deposited and hydraulically graded, forming a dry beach in front of the tailings dam 12 of the tailings reservoir 10 surface. The dry beach 11 of the tailings dam 10 usually slopes downward from the top of the tailings dam 12 to the tail of the tailings dam 10, and the tailings water flows from the tailings dam 12 to the lower tail of the dam. direction.

[0042] The inner dyke 20 is constructed on the dry beach surface 11, so that the tailings pond 10 is formed in the space between the inner dyke 20 and the tailing dam 12 of the tailing pond 10 to form a ore-drawing area 101, and in the inner dyke 20 and The space between the tails 13 of the tailings pond 10 forms a drainage area 102, the discharging area 101 is used to store tailings, and the drainage area 102 is used to store water. The drainage area 102 is mainly an artificial low-lying zone, generally at least 1 m lower than the top of the tailings dam 12 or tailings accumulation dam.

[0043] The above-mentioned technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects or advantages:

[0044] The occupancy efficiency system for tailings ponds before closing is provided by the embodiments of the present application. For the tailings ponds 10 that serve to the middle and late stages, the sub-dikes 20 in the ponds are constructed on the dry beach 11 formed therein, so that the tailing ponds In the mine pond 10, a discharge area 101 is formed in the space between the inner embankment 20 and the tailings dam 12 of the tailing pond 10, and a drainage area is formed in the space between the inner embankment 20 and the tail 13 of the tailing pond 10 The dry beach surface 11 of the tailings dam 10 usually slopes downward from the crest of the tailings dam 12 to the tail of the tailings dam 10, and the tailings water usually flows from the tailing dam 12 to the lower reservoir. In the tailing direction, the construction of the sub-dikes 20 in the library in the embodiment of the present application forms an interception, and the formed ore drawing area 101 can continue to be used for storing tailings, and tailings particles are intercepted and stored in the ore drawing area 101 to form a drainage area 102 The tailings water can be stored and reserved enough space for flood regulation and discharge in the reservoir, so as to fully occupy the empty storage capacity above the dry beach 11 in the tailing reservoir 10 under the condition of ensuring the safety performance of the tailing reservoir, and realize the tailing To maximize the utilization of the storage capacity of the mine storage, the storage capacity utilization rate of the tailings storage can reach 95-98%. It realizes the potential expansion and expansion of tailings ponds from the service to the middle and late stages, which can meet the stockpiling of tailings in the later stages. For the mines that are in the latter stage and have small ore reserves, it can avoid the problems of land acquisition, construction and construction period caused by the new tailings ponds. The occupancy efficiency of the tailings pond before the closure is realized. At the same time, after the ore is drawn continuously in the ore drawing area 101, the tailings are deposited in the ore drawing area 101, and finally can form the crest level of the inner bank 20 and the tailings dam 12, or the top of the inner bank 20 slopes towards the tail. The top of the dam 12 (the top of the tailings dam is also called the top of the beach) is about 1% to 3% of the dry beach surface 110 when the reservoir is closed, that is, the tailings reservoir 10 eventually forms the bottom of the tailings dam 12 The slightly higher dispersing slope surface of the dam crest of the Neizidi 20 can make full use of the terrain to close the reservoir, which can achieve smooth drainage and flood drainage, while taking into account soil and water conservation, creating favorable terrain conditions for the closed reservoir project.

[0045] In this embodiment, the ore drawing area 101 is connected to the drainage area 102 so that the tailings water can flow into the drainage area 102 after the ore drawing area 101 is drawn, and the tailings particles are deposited in the ore drawing area 101. In order to make full use of the space of the mining area 101. Of course, it can be adjusted according to the actual application situation, and the discharging area 101 and the drainage area 102 may not be connected.

[0046] A tailings water channel 201 may be provided on the sub-dikes 20 in the reservoir, so that the ore drawing area 101 is connected to the drainage area 102 through the tailings water channel 201. The tailings water channel 201 may be formed between at least one end of the inner bank 20 and the inner side of the tailings reservoir 10. It is also possible to directly set up a tailings water channel on the sub-dikes 20 in the warehouse, which is not limited here. The width of the tailings and tailings water channel 201 can be 1m-3m.

[0047] The reservoir 20 can be constructed by at least one of film bag stacking, earth dam stacking, and dry tailings stacking. Of course, the reservoir 20 can also be constructed in other ways. For those skilled in the art, all reservoirs constructed in other ways under the enlightenment should be included in the scope of this application.

[0048] The drainage area 102 can be connected to the internal flood drainage system of the tailings pond 10, and the internal flood drainage system is the tailings pond flood drainage system originally constructed by the tailings pond 10. A closed flood drainage system such as a spillway can also be constructed on the tailings pond 10 in advance to facilitate drainage. The closed flood drainage system is the flood drainage system constructed when the storage is closed. With the above arrangement, the requirement of the drainage area 102 for the flood regulation storage volume of the tailings pond can be reduced, and the area of ​​the drainage area 102 can be reduced, thereby increasing the area of ​​the discharging area 101 and achieving the purpose of making full use of the tailings pond volume.

[0049] In the ore drawing area 101, ore drawing may be performed by at least one of wet drainage and dry tailing.

[0050] The sub-dikes 20 in the warehouse can be arranged close to the tail of the tailings pond 10 so that the ore drawing area 101 is larger than the drainage area 102. So as to further make full use of the tailings storage capacity to store more tailings.

[0051] The following describes the construction and operation of the occupancy efficiency enhancement system for the tailings pond before closure provided by the embodiments of the present application:

[0052] S1: Firstly, construct the sub-dikes 20 in the reservoir on a certain area on the dry beach surface 11 of the tailing reservoir 10 before closing, so that the mine release area 101 and the drainage area 102 are formed in the tailing reservoir 10. The reservoir can be built for dry beach locations under the premise of meeting the design flood discharge requirements. The inner embankment 20 can be constructed by film bag stacking, earth dam piling, dry tailings piling, etc., and a 1-3m wide tailings water channel 201 is reserved at both ends of the inner embankment 20.

[0053] S2: Alluvial discharge or dry tailing is carried out in the discharge area 101, which fully occupies the area where the dry beach 11 before the closure of the tailing pond 10 does not reach the final accumulation elevation. The ore-drawing area 101 is an area enclosed by the topography of the tailings dam 12 from the top of the tailings dam 12 to the inner levee 20 and the topography on both sides of the tailings reservoir 10.

[0054] S3: Tailings water flows from the discharging area 101 to the drainage area 102. The drainage area 102 is to reserve enough space for flood regulation and drainage in the tailings pond. The drainage area 102 is connected to the flood drainage system in the reservoir. A closed flood drainage system such as a spillway can also be constructed in advance to reduce the flood regulation capacity of the tailings pond. The volume requirement reduces the area of ​​the drainage area 102, thereby increasing the range of the ore drawing area 101, and achieving the purpose of making full use of the tailings pond volume.

[0055] S4: When the ore is drawn, the dry beach surface 110 is formed at the level of the crest of the tailings dam 20 and the tailings dam 12, or about 1% to 3% of the top slope of the tailings dam 12 is closed. When the dry beach surface 110 is used, more effective storage capacity between the dry beach surface 110 when the storage is closed and the dry beach surface 11 before the storage is closed can be obtained.

[0056] The inventor of the present application simulated the above-mentioned occupancy and efficiency enhancement system of the tailings pond before closing. The original tailings pond adopts upstream tailings damming technology with multi-faceted dams. The total storage capacity is about 1300×104m. 3 , The effective storage capacity is about 950×104m 3 , By applying the technical solution of the occupancy efficiency system of the tailings pond before closure provided by the embodiments of this application to expand the ore, the effective storage capacity can be about 200×104m 3 It can find a way out for the remaining tailings of the enterprise in the later period, and can create favorable terrain conditions for the closure of the warehouse, and create huge benefits for the enterprise.

[0057] See image 3 The embodiment of the present application also provides a method for occupancy and efficiency enhancement of tailings ponds before closing. The method is applicable to any one of the above-mentioned occupancy and efficiency enhancement systems for tailings ponds before closing. The method includes the steps:

[0058] S100: Construct the inner dam 20 on the dry beach surface 11 formed in the tailing pond 10, so that the tailing pond 10 forms a ore release area in the space between the inner dyke 20 and the tailing dam 12 of the tailing pond 10 101. A drainage area 102 is formed in the space between the inner dike 20 and the tailings of the tailings pond 10; the discharging area 101 is used to store tailings, and the drainage area 102 is used to store water;

[0059] S200: The ore is drawn into the ore drawing area 101, and the tailing water is stored in the drainage area 102.

[0060] Wherein, in step S100 or after step S100, the step further includes:

[0061] The ore drawing area 101 and the drainage area 102 are connected. A tailings water discharge channel 201 can be provided on the inner bank 20 of the reservoir, so that the ore drawing area 101 is connected to the drainage area 102 through the tailings water discharge channel 201. It is also possible to form the tailings water channel 201 between at least one end of the inner sub-dike 20 and the inner side of the tailings reservoir 10 when constructing the sub-dike 20 on the dry beach surface 11 formed in the tailings reservoir 10 The mine area 101 is connected to the drainage area 102 through the tailings water channel 201.

[0062] Wherein, before step S100, in step S100, or after step S100, the method further includes the following steps:

[0063] A closed flood drainage system is built on the tailings pond 10 to reduce the demand of the drainage area 102 for the flood regulation capacity of the tailings pond, which can reduce the area of ​​the drainage area 102 and increase the range of the mine discharge area 101. To achieve the purpose of making full use of the tailings pond volume.

[0064] It can be seen from the above that the method for occupancy and efficiency enhancement of tailings ponds before closing is provided by the embodiments of the present application, by constructing sub-dikes 20 in the ponds on the dry beach surface 11 formed in the tailings ponds 10 that serve to the middle and late stages. The construction of the sub-dikes 20 in the warehouse forms an interception, and the formed ore drawing area 101 can continue to be used for storing tailings. Tailings particles are intercepted and stored in the ore drawing area 101, and the formed drainage area 102 can store tailings water and As a space reserved for flood regulation and drainage in the reservoir, the empty storage capacity above the dry beach 11 in the tailing reservoir 10 is fully occupied under the condition of ensuring the safety performance of the tailing reservoir, so as to maximize the utilization of the tailing reservoir. The storage capacity utilization rate of the tailings pond can reach 95-98%. It realizes the potential expansion and expansion of tailings ponds from the service to the middle and late stages, which can meet the stockpiling of tailings in the later stages. For the mines that are in the latter stage and have small ore reserves, it can avoid the problems of land acquisition, construction and construction period caused by the new tailings ponds. The occupancy efficiency of the tailings pond before the closure is realized. At the same time, after the ore is drawn continuously in the ore drawing area 101, the tailings are deposited in the ore drawing area 101, and finally can form the crest level of the inner bank 20 and the tailings dam 12, or the top of the inner bank 20 slopes towards the tail. The top of the dam 12 (the top of the tailings dam is also called the top of the beach) is about 1% to 3% of the dry beach surface 110 when the reservoir is closed, that is, the tailings reservoir 10 eventually forms the bottom of the tailings dam 12 The slightly higher dispersing slope surface of the dam crest of the Neizidi 20 can make full use of the terrain to close the reservoir, which can achieve smooth drainage and flood drainage, while taking into account soil and water conservation, creating favorable terrain conditions for the closed reservoir project.

[0065] The above are only specific implementations of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through creative work shall be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope defined by the claims.