Laser cladding device and laser cladding method for long and thin workpiece

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cladding device and a laser cladding method for a long and thin workpiece. The laser cladding device comprises a clamping jaw, an ejector pin, a telescopic preheating sleeve, a laser cladding nozzle, a first guide rail and a second guide rail, wherein the clamping jaw and the ejector pin clamp the two ends of the workpiece; the laser cladding nozzle slides on the first guide rail; the telescopic preheating sleeve comprises a plurality of sections of heating cylinders of which the diameters are sequentially reduced from the clamping jaw to the ejector pin; the heating cylinder with the maximum diameter is connected to the first guide rail through a first bracket in a sliding manner; the heating cylinder with the minimum diameter is connected to the second guide rail through a second bracket in a sliding manner; the telescopic preheating sleeve synchronously moves and contracts along with the movement of the laser cladding nozzle, so that the workpiece isalways kept in a preheating state before laser cladding; after the laser cladding of the workpiece is finished, the telescopic preheating sleeve reversely moves and stretches, so that the workpiece issubjected to heat treatment; the workpiece is clamped and then preheated, so that the safety of a worker in the operation process is protected; and the workpiece is preheated and subjected to heat treatment, so that the residual stress of a cladding layer can be effectively controlled, the crack damage is reduced, and the laser cladding quality is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, in particular to a laser cladding device and a laser cladding method for a slender workpiece. Background technique [0002] Laser cladding technology refers to placing selected coating materials on the surface of the coated substrate with different filler methods, melting it and a thin layer of the substrate surface at the same time through laser irradiation, and forming a very low dilution and coating material after rapid solidification. A surface coating that forms a metallurgical combination with the base material, thereby significantly improving the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance, and electrical properties of the base material surface. [0003] The workpiece needs to be preheated before laser cladding, and the quality of the preheating effect determines the quality after processing to a certain extent; in the prior art, the workpiece is pre...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The workpiece needs to be preheated before laser cladding, and the quality of the preheating effect determines the quality after processing to a certain extent; in the prior art, the workpiece is preheated first, and then using fixtures, laser cladding The cladding on the surface of the workpiece is completed with the use of the head; there are the following disadvantages in the operation of this method. First, when the workpiece is clamped after preheating, it may cause personal injury to personnel due to high temperature; second, after preheating After the workpiece is clamped, due to the influence of the external temperature, the temperature difference of the workpiece during laser cladding treatment is relatively large, resulting in a large difference in product quality of the same batch of products

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