Laser cladding device and laser cladding method for slender workpiece

Abstract

The invention discloses a laser cladding device and a laser cladding method for a slender workpiece, comprising a gripper, a thimble, a telescopic preheating sleeve, a laser cladding nozzle, a first guide rail and a second guide rail; the gripper and a thimble Both ends of the workpiece are clamped; the laser cladding nozzle slides on the first guide rail; the telescopic preheating sleeve includes a multi-section heating cylinder whose diameter gradually decreases from the jaw to the thimble; the heating cylinder with the largest diameter is slidably connected by the first bracket On the first guide rail, the heating cylinder with the smallest diameter is slidably connected to the second guide rail through the second bracket; the telescopic preheating sleeve moves and shrinks synchronously with the movement of the laser cladding nozzle, so that the workpiece is always kept preheated before laser cladding. Thermal state; after the laser cladding of the workpiece is completed, the telescopic preheating sleeve moves in reverse and stretches to heat the workpiece; clamping first and then preheating protects the safety of workers during operation; workpiece preheating and heat treatment can effectively Control the residual stress of the cladding layer, reduce crack damage, and improve the quality of laser cladding.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of laser cladding, in particular to a laser cladding device and a laser cladding method for an elongated workpiece. Background technique [0002] Laser cladding technology refers to placing selected coating materials on the surface of the coated substrate in different filler methods, and irradiating it with a laser to melt it and a thin layer on the surface of the substrate at the same time, and rapidly solidify to form a very low dilution and A surface coating that forms a metallurgical bond with the base material, thereby significantly improving the wear resistance, corrosion resistance, heat resistance, oxidation resistance and electrical properties of the base material surface. [0003] The workpiece needs to be preheated before laser cladding. The quality of the preheating effect determines the quality after processing to a certain extent; in the prior art, the workpiece is preheated first, and then the...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] The workpiece needs to be preheated before laser cladding, and the quality of the preheating effect determines the quality after processing to a certain extent; in the prior art, the workpiece is preheated first, and then using fixtures, laser cladding The cladding on the surface of the workpiece is completed with the use of the head; there are the following disadvantages in the operation of this method. First, when the workpiece is clamped after preheating, it may cause personal injury to personnel due to high temperature; second, after preheating After the workpiece is clamped, due to the influence of the external temperature, the temperature difference of the workpiece during laser cladding treatment is relatively large, resulting in a large difference in product quality of the same batch of products

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