Heat preservation and decoration integrated outer wall structure and construction method thereof

[0060] The following describes in detail the thermal insulation and decoration integrated exterior wall structure of the present invention and the construction method thereof with reference to the embodiments and drawings.

[0061] In prefabricated buildings, prefabricated parts are usually installed directly on the structural wall to form an external wall structure. Referring to Figure 1, the thermal insulation and decoration integrated exterior wall structure of the present invention includes a structural wall 02 and a thermal insulation and decoration integrated wall panel 01 installed on the structural wall 02. The thermal insulation and decoration integrated wall panel 01 has both thermal insulation and decorative functions. The following describes the specific structure and construction method of the integrated external wall structure of the thermal insulation device.

[0062] Insulation and decoration integrated wall panel

[0063] The thermal insulation and decoration integrated wallboard 01 of the present invention is mainly used as a decorative wallboard for structural walls in prefabricated buildings. For the structure of the embodiments, see Figure 2 to Figure 6. The thermal insulation and decoration integrated wallboard 01 includes a decorative surface layer 1, a concrete layer 2 and a thermal insulation layer 3 sequentially arranged from the outside to the inside. The decorative surface layer 1 and the concrete layer 2 and the concrete layer 2 and the thermal insulation layer 3 are bonded together. , That is, the decorative surface layer 1 and the thermal insulation layer 3 are consolidated into a whole through the concrete layer 2, where:

[0064] The outermost layer of the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wallboard 01 is the decorative surface layer 1. The decorative surface layer 1 mainly plays a decorative role. The outer surface of the decorative board 11 is usually provided with patterns, such as image 3 As shown, the shape of the decorative surface layer 1 is a strip shape, the decorative board 11 of the decorative surface layer 1 can be made of cement-based, stone or metal decorative materials, and the four corners of the decorative surface layer 1 are respectively provided with first through holes. Perforation 12. The thickness of the decorative board 11 of the decorative surface layer 1 is generally set according to actual design requirements, preferably 1mm-10mm.

[0065] The concrete layer 2 is the middle layer of the integrated thermal insulation and decoration wallboard 01. The concrete slab 21 of the concrete layer 2 is used to bond the decorative layer 1 and the thermal insulation layer 3 together. The concrete slab 21 is embedded with a grid-like steel member 22. The grid steel member 22 is provided with a plurality of through holes as mounting holes 4.

[0066] In one embodiment, see Figures 4 to Image 6 The grid-like steel member 22 includes steel bars 221 forming a grid structure and steel plates 222 fixed at the four corners of the grid. The intersections of the steel bars 221 and the connecting parts of the steel bars 221 and the steel plate 222 are fixed by welding, and the mounting holes 4 are provided. On the steel plate 222; the four corners of the concrete slab 21 are respectively provided with second through holes 24, the second through holes 24 correspond to the first through holes 12 and are arranged coaxially, and the whole is used as a reserved hole 5, mounting holes 4 corresponds to the reserved hole 5 one by one and communicates coaxially.

[0067] Preferably, the steel plate 222 is circular with a thickness of 1mm-10mm and a diameter of 30mm-300mm. The diameter of the through hole (ie, the mounting hole 4) of the steel plate 222 is 2mm-50mm.

[0068] Preferably, the boundary of the decorative board 11 of the decorative surface layer 1 shrinks inwardly by 2mm-20mm relative to the boundary of the concrete slab 21 of the concrete layer 2. This design can not only reduce the loss caused by the collision of the decorative surface during the transportation of the finished board, but also After assembling, reserve space for joint glue at the joint.

[0069] As the innermost layer of the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wallboard 01, the thermal insulation layer 3 mainly plays a role in thermal insulation. The thickness of the thermal insulation board 31 of the thermal insulation layer 3 needs to meet certain thermal insulation requirements. The thickness of the thermal insulation board 31 of the present invention is preferably 30 mm- 220mm. The thermal insulation board 31 may be made of thermal insulation materials such as extruded polystyrene board, foamed polystyrene board or rock wool board.

[0070] A plurality of dovetail grooves 32 are provided on one side of the thermal insulation board 31 of the thermal insulation layer 3 at intervals. The dovetail grooves 32 are used to match and fit the dovetail protrusions 23 provided on one side of the concrete slab 21 (in the concrete pouring process) A matching dovetail protrusion 23) is formed to strengthen the bonding force between the thermal insulation layer 3 and the concrete layer 2.

[0071] The thermal insulation and decoration integrated wallboard 01 also includes an insert block 7 matching the reserved hole 5, see Figure 7 with Picture 9 , The insert 7 is provided with a decorative part 71 and a heat-preserving part 72, wherein the material of the decorative part 71 is the same as that of the decorative board 11, the heat-preserving part 72 is made of heat-preserving material, and the decorative part 71 and the heat-preserving part 72 are glued by construction Connect firmly. Preferably, the material of the thermal insulation portion 72 of the insert block 7 may be the same as or different from the material of the thermal insulation board 31. The thickness of the thermal insulation portion 72 is determined according to the size of the space in the reserved hole 5 when the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wall panel 01 is installed. , Preferably 5mm-100mm.

[0072] In order to facilitate the production of the integrated thermal insulation and decoration wall panel 01, after installation, the insert 7 should completely block the reserved hole 5 as much as possible. The preferred structure of the grid-shaped steel member 22 is that the steel bars 221 are located in the concrete layer 2 (concrete slab 21) , The steel plate 222 is located on the connecting surface between the concrete layer 2 and the thermal insulation layer 3. The hole diameter of the mounting hole 4 (the through hole of the steel plate 222) is smaller than the hole diameter of the reserved hole 5.

[0073] After installation, the insert block 7 is used to block the reserved hole 5 of the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wall panel 01, so that the surface of the decorative part 71 of the insert block 7 is flush with the surface of the decorative surface layer 1, and the The joints between the surface layers 1 are painted with a sealing paint of the same color as the decorative surface layer 1 to take into account the aesthetics. The remaining space in the reserved hole 5 of the integrated thermal insulation and decoration wall panel 01 is inserted into the insert block 7 with thermal insulation material, which can prevent the phenomenon of cold and hot bridges in the integrated thermal insulation and decoration wall panel 01 after installation.

[0074] Thermal insulation and decoration integrated exterior wall structure

[0075] The thermal insulation and decoration integrated wallboard 01 can be installed on the structural wall 02 of a building (for example, a prefabricated building) through installation components as a thermal insulation decorative wallboard to form an integrated thermal insulation and decoration external wall structure.

[0076] The installation component is used to fix the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wall panel 01 to the structural wall 02, see Figure 7 In this embodiment, the mounting component includes a screw (such as a dovetail wire) 9 and an expansion tube 8. The head of the expansion tube 8 is placed in the fixing hole 6 of the structural wall 02, and the size of the tail of the screw 9 is larger than that of the grid-like steel member. The diameter of the mounting hole 4 of 22, the head of the screw 9 passes through the mounting hole 4 of the grid-shaped steel member 22, extends into the expansion tube 8 and is threaded with the expansion tube 8, and the tail of the screw 9 abuts on the grid The outer side of the steel member 22 (that is, the side adjacent to the decorative layer 1), so that the grid-shaped steel member 22 of the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wall panel 01 and the structural wall 02 are firmly fixed together.

[0077] The structure of the expansion tube 8 is Figure 8 As shown, it includes an expansion sleeve 81 and an expansion core 82. The expansion sleeve 81 is a cylindrical structure, and the head end of the expansion sleeve 81 is provided with multiple slits; the expansion core 82 is a cone with a circular hole inside. Structure, the hole wall of the round hole is provided with an internal thread that matches the external thread of the screw 9. During installation, the end of the expansion core 82 with a smaller outer diameter is placed at the slit at the head end of the expansion sleeve 81, and the end with the larger outer diameter of the expansion core 82 is placed at the bottom of the fixing hole 6 of the structural wall 02 to expand The tail of the sleeve 81 passes through the thermal insulation board 31 of the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wall panel 01 and abuts against the steel plate 222 of the grid-shaped steel member 22, and the head of the screw 9 passes through the reserved hole 5, the mounting hole 4 and the thermal insulation in turn Layer 3, inserted into the expansion sleeve 81 and threadedly connected with the expansion core 82, screw 9 to move the expansion core 82 towards the tail of the expansion sleeve 81, so that the head end of the expansion sleeve 81 is expanded. The core 82 is stretched out, and the head end of the expansion sleeve 81 is squeezed and fixed with the inner wall of the fixing hole 6 of the structural wall 02. Because the tail size of the screw 9 is larger than the diameter of the through hole (mounting hole 4) of the steel plate 222, installation When in place, the tail of the screw 9 abuts on the outside of the steel plate 222 of the grid-shaped steel member 22, so that the grid-shaped steel member 22 is firmly fixed to the structural wall 02; the insert block 7 is inserted in the reserved hole 5, The joints between the block 7 and the decorative surface layer 1 are coated with a sealing paint of the same color as the decorative surface layer 1, and the joints between the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wallboard 01 are filled with sealant.

[0078] In another embodiment, see Picture 9 , The mounting member includes a screw (such as a dovetail wire) 9 and an internally threaded tube 100 embedded in the fixing hole 6 of the structural wall. The size of the tail of the screw 9 is larger than the hole diameter of the mounting hole 4 of the grid-like steel member 22, wherein, The head of the screw 9 passes through the mounting hole 4, is inserted into the internally threaded tube 100 and is threadedly connected with the internally threaded tube 100, and the tail of the screw 9 abuts on the grid-shaped steel member 22.

[0079] The thermal insulation and decoration integrated wallboard 01 is firmly fixed on the structural wall 02 by screws 9 and the installation components of the expansion tube 8 or the internal threaded tube 100, eliminating the need for additional hanging keels on the structural wall 02, saving labor and labor material.

[0080] method

[0081] The composite wallboard 01 of the present invention can be directly installed on the structural wall 02, especially on the structural wall of a prefabricated building, to form an integrated thermal insulation and decoration external wall structure. The construction method of the integrated thermal insulation and decoration external wall structure includes the following construction operations:

[0082] 1) According to design requirements, a fixed hole 6 is provided at a predetermined position on the structural wall 02;

[0083] 2) Prefabricated thermal insulation and decoration integrated wallboard 01, so that the mounting holes 4 and fixed holes 6 of the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wallboard 01 match.

[0084] The above-mentioned integrated thermal insulation and decoration wallboard 01 is manufactured on a plate bottom plate mold, which is a commonly used prefabricated wall plate making template. One of the manufacturing methods of the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wallboard 01 is to adopt a perfusion method based on the template. The method involves sequentially placing the decorative board 11 of the decorative surface layer 1, the pre-hole mold 20, and the network-shaped steel on the plate bottom plate mold. The component 22, the reserved pad 30 and the insulation board 31 of the insulation layer 3, wherein the reserved hole mold 5, the reserved pad 6 and the predetermined thickness of the concrete layer 2 are basically the same, and the steel plate 222 of the network-shaped steel member 22 is placed The top of the pre-hole mold 20 makes the mounting hole 4 on the steel plate 222 align with the pre-hole mold 20, the decorative plate 11 and the heat preservation plate 31 are sealed and fixed to form a pouring space, and the pre-set vent on the heat preservation plate 31 33 Pouring concrete into the pouring space, the concrete layer 2 formed by curing and solidifying the concrete consolidates the decorative board 11 and the thermal insulation board 31 into one body, and the lightweight cement-based composite slat 01 is obtained after demolding. The specific operation is as follows:

[0085] 11) Place the decorative plate 11 and the pre-hole mold 20: Place the decorative plate 11 with the pattern face down on the plate bottom mold, and then place the pre-hole mold 20 with the release agent on the first surface of the decorative plate 11. The reserved hole 12, where the cross-sectional shape and size of the reserved hole mold 20 match the cross-sectional shape and size of the first reserved hole 12;

[0086] 12) Place the grid-like steel member 22: see Picture 10 , Place the designed grid-shaped steel member 22 above the decorative board 11, so that the steel plate 222 of the grid-shaped steel member 22 is placed on the top of the hole-prepared mold 20, and a certain amount is reserved between the steel bar 221 and the decorative board 11. Distance (rebar 221 and steel plate 222 are not on the same plane);

[0087] 13) Place reserved pads 30: Place reserved pads 30 with a preset height value on the decorative board 11 at intervals, wherein the reserved pads 30 are made of the same material as the concrete slab 21 of the concrete layer 2 to Ensure that the concrete layer 2 has the same expansion coefficient;

[0088] 14) Pretreatment of the insulation board 31: punch out a plurality of vent holes 33 on the insulation board 31 at intervals, and place the side where the dovetail groove 32 of the insulation board 31 is located on the reserved block 30 and the reserved hole mold 20 On the steel plate 222 (so that the steel plate 222 is located on the connecting surface of the insulation layer 3 and the concrete layer 2), the circumference between the insulation board 31 and the decorative board 11 is sealed with a template, and the insulation board 31 is firmly fixed, and the insulation board 31 and A pouring space is formed between the decorative boards 11.

[0089] 15) Pouring concrete: Pouring concrete (preferably aerated concrete) from the vent hole 33 in the middle area of ​​the insulation board 31 into the pouring space, and vibrating (after the mold is fixed, hammer the side with a rubber hammer to vibrate) until decoration The pouring space between the board 11 and the thermal insulation board 31 is filled with concrete to form a concrete layer 2.

[0090] 16) Blocking the vent 33 of the insulation layer 3: see Picture 11 , Clean the vent hole 33, and insert an insulation block 34 matching the vent hole 33 into the vent hole 33 of the insulation board 31, wherein the insulation block 34 and the insulation board 31 have the same material and thickness.

[0091] 17) After curing and demoulding, the production of lightweight cement-based composite slat 01 can be completed.

[0092] Another manufacturing method of the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wallboard 01 is the pouring method based on the plate bottom plate mold. This method sequentially places the decorative plate 11 of the decorative surface layer 1 on the plate bottom plate mold, the pre-hole mold 20, and the network steel The member 22 and the reserved block 30, wherein the reserved hole mold 5, the reserved block 6 and the predetermined thickness of the concrete layer 2 are basically the same, and the steel plate 222 of the network-shaped steel member 22 is placed on the top of the reserved hole mold 20 so that The mounting hole 4 on the steel plate 222 is aligned with the reserved hole mold 20, the decorative board 11 is blocked and fixed to form a pouring area, the pouring area is poured from above, and the thermal insulation board 31 with the vent 33 in advance is placed on the concrete And press until the thermal insulation board 31 contacts the steel plate 222 on the pre-hole mold 20, the concrete layer 2 formed by curing and solidification of the concrete consolidates the decorative board 11 and the thermal insulation board 31 into one body, and the thermal insulation and decoration integration is obtained after demolding Wall panel 01. The specific operations are as follows:

[0093] 21) Place the decorative plate 11 and the pre-hole mold 20: Place the decorative plate 11 with the pattern face down on the plate bottom mold, and then place the pre-hole mold 20 with the release agent coated on the first side of the decorative plate 11. There are reserved holes 12, where the cross-sectional shape and size of the reserved hole mold 20 match those of the first reserved hole 12;

[0094] 22) Placing the grid-shaped steel member 22: Place the designed grid-shaped steel member 22 above the decorative board 11, so that the steel plate 222 of the grid-shaped steel member 22 is placed on the top of the pre-hole mold 20, and the steel bar 221 Reserve a certain distance from the decorative board 11;

[0095] 23) Place the reserved pad 30: Place the reserved pad 30 with a preset height value (that is, the thickness of the concrete layer 2) on the decorative board 11 at an interval, wherein the reserved pad 30 and the concrete layer 2 The material of the concrete slab 21 is the same to ensure that the concrete layer 2 has the same expansion coefficient; the periphery of the decorative board 11 is sealed and fixed to form a pouring space.

[0096] 24) Pouring concrete: pour the concrete from the upper direction and vibrate the concrete. After the mold is fixed, hammer the side with a rubber hammer to vibrate until the concrete submerges the reserved block 30 and reaches a predetermined height (for example, more than Reserve the top of the cushion block 30 (10mm-20mm); then place the thermal insulation board 31 with the vent 33 in advance on the top of the concrete and press it until the thermal insulation board 31 contacts the steel plate 222 on the pre-hole mold 20, and the concrete passes through The concrete layer 2 is formed by curing and solidification, and the decorative board 11 and the thermal insulation board 31 are consolidated into one body.

[0097] 25) After demolding, an integrated thermal insulation and decoration wallboard 01 is obtained.

[0098] The manufacturing method of the integrated thermal insulation and decoration wallboard 01 also includes:

[0099] Fabrication of insert 7: the decorative part 71 is processed with the same material as the decorative board 11, and the thermal insulation part 72 is processed with the same material as the thermal insulation layer 3, and then the decorative part 71 and the thermal insulation part 72 are firmly bonded with construction glue. The insert block 7 is inserted into the reserved hole 5 for sealing the reserved hole 5 after the lightweight cement-based composite slat 01 is installed on the structural wall.

[0100] 3) Choose the installation component used in conjunction with the fixing hole 6 and the prefabricated thermal insulation and decoration integrated wall panel. The installation component passes through the installation hole 4, one end extends into and is fixed in the fixing hole 6 of the structural wall 02, and the other end abuts On the network-shaped steel member 22, the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wall panel is connected and fixed with the structural wall 02.

[0101] The above-mentioned mounting components are screws 9 and expansion pipes 8 matching the mounting holes 4 and fixing holes 6. The specific installation process is as follows:

[0102] Positioning the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wall panel 01: According to the design requirements, set the fixed hole 6 at the predetermined position on the structural wall 02 (that is, the position where the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wall panel 01 is installed), and choose to integrate with the fixed hole 6 and thermal insulation decoration The mounting hole 4 of the wall panel 01 (through hole of the steel plate 222) has a screw 9 that matches the size; choose an expansion tube 8 that matches the size of the screw 9, and place the thin end of the expansion core 82 on the head of the expansion tube 82, The wide end of the expansion core 82 exposes the expansion tube 82, and then the head of the installed expansion tube 8 is inserted into the fixing hole 6 so that the wide end of the expansion core 82 is placed at the bottom of the fixing hole 6; The side of the thermal insulation layer 3 of the integrated wall panel 01 is close to the structural wall 02, so that the mounting holes 4 of the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wall panel 01 are aligned with the fixing holes 6 of the structural wall 02, and the expansion pipe 8 The tail passes through the thermal insulation board 31 and abuts on the steel plate 222 of the grid-shaped steel member 22.

[0103] Screw fixation: Pass the selected screws 9 matching the expansion tube 8 through the installation hole 4 and the insulation layer 3 of the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wallboard 01, insert them into the expansion sleeve 81 and threadedly connect with the expansion core 82, Continue to screw the screw 9 so that the expansion core 82 moves toward the tail of the expansion sleeve 81 under the action of the screw 9, and the head end of the expansion tube 81 is slit by the expansion core 82 until the head of the expansion sleeve 81 The end is pressed and fixed with the inner wall of the fixing hole 6 of the structural wall 02, and the tail of the screw 9 abuts on the outside of the steel plate 222 of the grid-shaped steel member 22.

[0104] Insert block: insert the insert block 7 into the reserved hole 5 of the integrated thermal insulation and decoration wallboard 01 in turn, and trim the thermal insulation part 72 of the insert block 7 so that the decorative part 71 of the insert block 7 and the outer surface of the decorative surface 1 The surface is on the same plane, and the joints between the decorative portion 71 of the insert block 7 and the decorative board 11 of the decorative surface layer 1 are painted with a sealing paint of the same color as the decorative surface layer 1.

[0105] Joint sealing: Pouring sealant into 10 joints between the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wall panels 01 to complete the installation of the thermal insulation and decoration integrated exterior wall structure.

[0106] Obviously, the sequence of the operation process of screw fixing, plug-in block sealing and seam sealing is not limited. It can be after all the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wall panels 01 are fixed to the structural wall 02 (that is, after the screw fixing operation is completed), The plug-in block and seam-sealing operations are unified, and the plug-in block and seam-sealing operations can be interspersed during the process of fixing the insulation and decoration integrated wall panel 01 screw, and the plug-in block and seam are blocked. The order of the sealing operation is also not limited.

[0107] The present invention also provides another installation process of an integrated thermal insulation and decoration exterior wall structure. The installation components in the installation process are the screws 9 and the internal threaded pipe 100 that match the installation holes 4 and the fixing holes 6. The construction method is the same as the above construction. The difference of the method is that in this method, the expansion tube 8 can replace the ordinary internally threaded tube 100, and the internally threaded tube 100 is pre-embedded into the fixed hole 6 at the predetermined position of the structural wall 02 during the construction of the structural wall 02. The screw 9 is matched with the internally threaded pipe 100. When fixing, it is only necessary to pass the screw 9 through the reserved hole 5, the mounting hole 4 and the thermal insulation layer 3 of the thermal insulation and decoration integrated wallboard 01 in sequence, and insert it into the internally threaded pipe 100 and The internally threaded tube 100 is screwed and fixed until the tail of the screw 9 abuts on the outside of the steel plate 222 of the grid-shaped steel member 22. In this method, first fix the position of the fixing holes 6 of the structural wall 02, and the corresponding thermal insulation and decoration integrated wall panel 01 needs to be selected according to the distribution of the fixing holes 6 of the structural wall 02. If there is no suitable thermal insulation and decoration integrated wall Board 01 needs to be customized.

[0108] Those skilled in the art should understand that these embodiments are only used to illustrate the present invention without limiting the scope of the present invention, and various equivalent variations and modifications made to the present invention belong to the disclosure of the present invention.