Oil well pump plunger without traveling valve

Abstract

The invention provides an oil well pump plunger without a traveling valve. The oil well pump plunger without the traveling valve comprises a center pull rod (1) and a plunger (2). In the down stroke,the central pull rod drives the plunger to move downwards, the plunger rotates relative to the central pull rod due to pressure generated by extruding liquid in a pump cylinder, an oil outlet is closed, and crude oil enters an oil pipe from the pump cylinder; and during upward travel, the center pull rod pulls the plunger upwards, the plunger is meshed with a tooth-shaped circular truncated cone fixing structure on the lower portion of the center pull rod due to the pressure effect of a hydraulic column in the oil pipe and rotates relative to the center pull rod, the oil outlet is closed, andthen crude oil is extracted. The oil outlet of an oil well pump is closed and opened through relative rotation of the center pull rod and the plunger, an original traveling valve structure is replaced, the mechanical strength of a traveling valve cover on the oil well pump is improved, the fracture accident of the traveling valve cover of the oil well pump can be effectively avoided, an oil inletchannel of fluid is enlarged, and the lifting efficiency of a sucker-rod pump is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to a plunger of an oil well pump without a traveling valve, which is suitable for a rod oil well pump used in heavy oil directional wells. Background technique [0002] At present, most oil wells in China use rod well pumps for oil production. Traditional rod well pumps use floating valve structures to produce oil through the opening and closing of valve balls. However, for directional wells, the floating valve cover on the oil well pump is prone to fatigue and breakage. , the main reasons are as follows: firstly, affected by the structure of the oil well pump, the outer diameter of the valve cover must be smaller than the outer diameter of the plunger, and the valve cover must have an oil outlet hole, which will cause stress concentration and cause the valve cover to break; the second is that the rod pump When working continuously, the valve cover is subjected to continuous high-frequency alternating loads, which is prone to fati...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0002] At present, most oil wells in China use rod well pumps for oil production. Traditional rod well pumps use floating valve structures to produce oil through the opening and closing of valve balls. However, for directional wells, the floating valve cover on the oil well pump is prone to fatigue and breakage. , the main reasons are as follows: firstly, affected by the structure of the oil well pump, the outer diameter of the valve cover must be smaller than the outer diameter of the plunger, and the valve cover must have an oil outlet hole, which will cause stress concentration and cause the valve cover to break; the second is that the rod pump When working continuously, the valve cover is subjected to continuous high-frequency alternating loads, which is prone to fatigue failure. The third is that when the swimming valve is opened, the valve ball impacts the oil outlet chamber of the valve cover violently upwards, causing the valve cover to The wall becomes thinner, which in turn causes the valve to break

In addition, for the production of heavy oil wells, the fluid viscosity is high, and due to the limited aperture of the traveling valve, it is difficult for the fluid to pass through the traveling valve, resulting in reduced pump efficiency and affecting the lifting efficiency of the rod pump pumping system

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