Use of vegetative material as a filler in composite materials
a composite material and vegetative material technology, applied in the direction of building components, building insulations, constructions, etc., can solve the problems of reducing conductivity, material processing difficulties, and high cost of known conductive fillers such as carbon black, aluminium, stainless steel and carbon fibres, etc., to achieve long cure times, reduce the effect of toxicity
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example 2
[0067] All chemicals used are taken by percentage of weight of rubber. The rubber and the chemicals are mixed in a Banbury, for 5 minutes. Recycled rubber (reclaim) (220 g) is first milled with zinc oxide (4.5%)—accelerator, which is followed with stearic acid (1.8%)—activator, Mercadibenzothiazole disulphide (MBTS)(0.5%), Tetramethylthiuram disulphide (TMTD)(0.2%)—accelerator, fresh rice husk (27%)—blowing agent and filler and sulphur (2.7%)—vulcanisate. Then the mixed compound is milled for five (5) minutes to form a sheet that is ready for curing. Then a piece of the sheet weighing about 32 g is placed in a mould that it is to be cured for two (2) minutes in a oven at 150° C. temperature. The conventional curing time is six (6) minutes at the same temperature of 150° C.
[0068] The rubber and the chemicals are mixed in a Banbury, for 5 minutes. The similar approach has been done for using SBR Rubber (100 g), silica (62 g), Peg 1500 (2.5 g), Paraffin oil (5 g), Zinc oxide (2.5 g), ...
example 3
[0072] All chemicals used are taken by percentage of weight of rubber. The rubber and the chemicals are mixed in a Banbury, for six (6) minutes. The recycle (devulcanised) rubber is first milled with magnesium oxide (2%)—accelerator, which is followed with Diphenylguanidine (2%)—accelerator, fresh rice husk (30%)—accelerator and filler and sulphur (30%)—vulcanisate. After the milling at the Banbury for ten (10) minutes, it is then milled into a sheet. The mould was heated in the oven press to 150° C. then the sheeted rubber is placed in the mould and it is cured for twelve (12) minutes. The conventional curing time is between eight to ten hours at the same temperature of 150° C.
[0073] A conventional formula for ebonite was selected to compare. The rubber and the chemicals are mixed in a Banbury, for 5 minutes. The similar mixing as above was followed, using SBR 5 Rubber (10 g), ebonite dust (10 g), China clay (50 g), Magnesium oxide (5 g), Diphenylguanidine (3 g), Linseed oil (5 g)...
example 4
[0077] All chemicals used are taken by percentage of weight of natural rubber (NR). The natural rubber and the chemicals are mixed in an open mill or kinder, for six (6) minutes. Natural rubber is first milled with stearic acid (1%) and zinc oxide (5%) activator, which is followed with rice husk (blowing agent) (2.5-3.5%), calcium carbonate—(40%), promoter—urea based (2.5-3.5%), silica (10%), accelerator dibenzthiazyldisulphide (MBTS) (0.05%) and catalyst sulphur (1.5%). After the milling at the open mill or kinder for ten (10) minutes, it is then milled into a sheet. The mould was heated in the oven press to 160° C. then the sheeted natural rubber is placed in the mould and it is cured for twenty-two (22) minutes.
[0078] The temperature for curing could be from 145°-160° C. and the cure time may differ according to the mould size.
[0079] Cured properties; rice husk filled blowed mix—micro-cellular cells.
1.HardnessAskar C352.Shrinkage% 53.Specific Gravityg / cc0.3-0.35
[0080] By usin...
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