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Methods of detecting lung cancer

a lung cancer and detection method technology, applied in the field of detecting lung cancer, can solve the problems of lung cancer being only correctly diagnosed, and lung cancer being difficult to diagnos

Inactive Publication Date: 2012-09-27
CEPHEID INC
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0008]In some embodiments, methods for detecting the presence of lung cancer in a subject are provided. In some embodiments, a method comprises detecting the level of at least one RNA selected from small U2, miR-720, miR-451, 13207, and 13750, in a sample from the subject. In some embodiments, a method comprises comparing the level of the at least one RNA selected from small U2, miR-720, miR-451, 13207, and 13750 in th

Problems solved by technology

Lung cancer is difficult to diagnose in the early stages because it may manifest no outward symptoms.
When symptoms do occur, they can vary depending on the type, location and spreading pattern of the cancer, and therefore, are not readily associated with cancer.
Often, lung cancer is only correctly diagnosed when it has already metastasized.
Diagnosis by one of these techniques is usually confirmed by a more invasive procedure, such as transthoracic needle biopsy or transbronchial biopsy, which may still result in misdiagnosis of lung cancer.
Despite advances in treatment (e.g., by surgery, chemotherapy, radiation or a combination), the prognosis for lung cancer remains poor, with only 15% of patients surviving more than 5 years from the time of diagnosis.
Of the most common NSCLCs, adenocarcinoma progresses more rapidly and therefore has a poorer prognosis than squamous-cell carcinoma, which takes several years to develop and is therefore more likely to be diagnosed in an early stage.

Method used

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  • Methods of detecting lung cancer
  • Methods of detecting lung cancer
  • Methods of detecting lung cancer

Examples

Experimental program
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example 1

5.1 Example 1

Small RNA Levels in Lung Primary Tumors Determined by Microarray

Selected Cohort

[0259]Thirteen patients diagnosed with lung cancer were included in the cohort, nine men and four women. Seven of the patients had never been smokers, and six had a history of heavy smoking. Because squamous cell lung cancer and non-squamous cell lung cancer are two of the most frequent lung cancer types (more than 70% of all lung cancers), three patients diagnosed with squamous cell carcinoma (Epi-4, Kmalp-21, Kmalp-25) and six patients diagnosed with non-squamous cell carcinoma (Adk-2, Adk-9, Adk-10, Adk-15, Adk-23 and Adk-29) were included. In addition, one patient diagnosed with a carcinoid (Car-13), one diagnosed with a carcinoma sarcomatoide (Ksarc-19), one diagnosed with a small cell lung cancer (Scc-27), and one diagnosed with a large cell neuroendocrine cancer (Lcnec-31) were also selected. Table 1 shows a list of the patients in the cohort and various clinical characteristics of eac...

example 2

5.2 Example 2

Small RNA Levels in Lung Primary Tumors Determined by qRT-PCR

[0289]A TaqMan® quantitative RT-PCR (qRT-PCR; Applied Biosystems) assay was used to measure small U2 in the same small RNA samples used for the microarray experiment in Example 1. The small RNA RNU44 was used as an endogenous control (Amaral F C et al. J Clin Endocrinol Metab 94: 320-323 (2009)). Small RNA from primary tumors of six patients (Adk-15, Adk-23, Kmalp-25, Adk-29, Scc-27 and Lcnec-31) and from the adjacent normal tissue from three of those patients (Adk-15, Adk-23 and Scc-27) were used in the analysis.

[0290]The fold changes in the levels of small U2 in primary tumors were calculated using the 2−ΔΔCt method (Livak and Schmittgen, Methods, 25: 402-408 (2001)), and using the average of small U2 levels in the 3 adjacent normal tissues as a reference. The results are shown in Table 5.

TABLE 5qRT-PCR quantification of small U2 in tissue samplesSAMPLEU2RNU44ΔCt = U2 Ct −ΔΔCt = U2 ΔCt −IDDESCRIP.CtCtRNU44 C...

example 3

5.3 Example 3

Small RNA Levels Determined by qRT-PCR in Larger Cohort

Selected Cohort

[0296]Thirty-six individuals were selected, 24 of which had been diagnosed with lung cancer, and 12 of which were healthy. This study demonstrates that small U2 can be used as an early detection marker for lung cancer using a minimally invasive assay.

[0297]The 24 lung cancer patients had early-stage lung cancer: six were diagnosed with stage IA lung cancer, 14 with stage IB, and four with stage IIB. The cohort included 16 men and eight women. Sixteen of the patients were smokers, one was a former smoker, and seven had never been smokers. None of the patients had been diagnosed with diabetes, infectious disease, other cancers, obesity, or cardiac problems. None of the patients were taking medication at the time the tissue was collected. Table 7 shows 24 patients with lung cancer in the cohort and various clinical characteristics of each patient.

TABLE 7Clinical characteristics of lung cancer patients in...

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Abstract

Methods of detecting lung cancer, such as non-small cell lung cancer, including squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, are provided. Methods of detecting changes in the levels of one or more small RNAs associated with lung cancer are also provided. Compositions and kits are also provided.

Description

[0001]This application claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application Nos. 61 / 397,729, filed Jan. 26, 2011; 61 / 436,399, filed Jan. 26, 2011; and 61 / 525,008, filed Aug. 18, 2011, which are incorporated by reference herein in their entireties for any purpose.1. BACKGROUND[0002]Lung cancer is the most common cause of cancer death in both men and women. Lung cancer is categorized into two types, small cell lung cancer (“SCLC”) and non-small cell lung cancer (“NSCLC”). About 85% of lung cancer cases are categorized as NSCLC, which includes adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, and adenosquamous cell carcinoma.[0003]Lung cancer is difficult to diagnose in the early stages because it may manifest no outward symptoms. When symptoms do occur, they can vary depending on the type, location and spreading pattern of the cancer, and therefore, are not readily associated with cancer. Often, lung cancer is only correctly diagnosed when it has already metastasized.[0004]Current techniques for di...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): G01N21/64C07H21/00
CPCC12Q1/6886C12Q2600/158C12Q2600/16C12Q2600/118C12Q2600/178
Inventor MICHOT, BERNARDDELFOUR, OLIVIER
Owner CEPHEID INC
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