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Hydrophilicity of water repellent soil

a technology hydrophilicity, applied in the field of hydrophilicity of water repellent soil, can solve the problems of dire environmental consequences, increase the risk of ground water contamination, and the bane of essentially all agriculturalists, and achieve rapid increase of hydrophilicity and infiltration of water, and enhanced infiltration (wetting) rate

Inactive Publication Date: 2005-02-08
AQUATROLS HLDG
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The instant invention provides a process for rapidly increasing the hydrophilicity and infiltration of water into water repellent soil matrices. The process consists of applying to the water repellent soil an effective amount of a wetting agent composition comprising alkyl polyglycosides an...

Problems solved by technology

Agriculturalists have to work with all types of plant growth media such as sand, natural earth, horticultural soils, and various soil-mimicking, soil-less plant culture substrates; however, the bane of essentially all agriculturalists is water repellent soil.
Under rainfall or irrigation conditions, dire environmental consequences can result from the water repellency of the topsoil, such as surface runoff of water and aqueous compositions containing pesticides, this term inclusive of fertilizers, into pristine areas and / or potable reservoirs.
Furthermore, and less obvious, are the serious consequences that result from aqueous pesticide flow through “fingers” that usually attend water repellent soil which can provide rapid transport of pesticide compositions to the local ground water table and thus increase the risk of ground water contamination.
Often, the amount of surfactant required to ameliorate water repellency and / or to enhance infiltration, either perform variably or in an attempt to improve performance, higher rates of wetting agents are applied, such elevated rates often becoming injurious to plants.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

example 1

The water repellent soil which is used in the following examples is made by coating a hydrophilic sand with octadecyl trichloro silane (OTS) as described by Bauters, et al., 1998 Soil Sci. Soc. Am. J. 62: 1185-1190.

Using the aforedescribed straw test, the infiltration rate in seconds of distilled water through a six centimeter column of this water repellent soil is determined through three replications. The results are set forth in Table I.

TABLE ITreatmentReplication 1Replication 2Replication 3AverageDistilled Water604,800 s691,200 s604,800 s633,600 s

These numbers indicate the base-line hydrophobicity of this mineral soil and serve as the control in the quantification of the performance of wetting agent compositions tested.

Water droplet penetration time (WDPT) tests were also performed on this mineral soil in the following manner: The soil is evenly loaded into a deep container and the surface smoothed to realize a flat, unconsolidated substrate surface.

A 30 microliter drop of disti...

example ii

Aqueous compositions of numerous alkyl polyglycosides; EO / PO block copolymers; and blends of the alkyl polyglycosides and EO / PO block copolymers in concentrations and weight ratios as indicated below are examined using the aforedescribed straw test in order to ascertain their ability to affect the infiltration wetting rate of the water repellent soil of Example 1. Agrimul is the trademark of Cognis for the alkyl polyglycoside product line, and Tetronic is a trademark of BASF for its EO / PO ethylene diamine based block copolymers. Straight “L” block copolymers and reverse “R” block copolymers are produced by various manufacturers such as Rhodia, BASF, and Uniqema.

The results of the tests are set forth in Tables IIA and IIB below.

TABLE IIATotal Concentration in Water (ppm)Wetting Agent Composition8000600040002000Infiltration Time (Sec.)Alkyl PolyglycosidesAGRIMUL 2062 (50% a.i.)306468.5636100000AGRIMUL 2065 (50% a.i.)347.75444.51061.57220.75AGRIMUL 2067 (70% a.i.)42.1448.255.66316.67AG...

example iii

Aqueous compositions of AGRIMUL 2067; ANTAROX L64; and a 1:1 weight ratio blend of the 2067 and L64 are prepared at various concentrations from 8000 ppm to 250 ppm. The straw test results on these compositions are set forth in Table III below. The results realized with an AGRIMUL 2069 composition are also included in Table III.

TABLE IIIComponents8000 ppm6000 ppm4000 ppm2000 ppm1000 ppm500 ppm250 ppmAGRIMUL 206742.1448.255.66316.6710355117.564779AGRIMUL 20694551.657.8360.6610086374.572036L6455.33110.33259376.33578.53030.569221:1 2067:L6437.33414673131406.51590

Use of the wetting agent blend of the instant invention realized more than a four-fold increase in the infiltration rate of the water repellent soil over the use of the most effective component, i.e., the EO / PO straight block copolymer alone and more than a forty-fold increase over the use of the polyglycoside alone.

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PUM

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Abstract

Water repellent soil is treated with low concentrations of a blend of alkyl polyglycoside and EO / PO block copolymer in a weight ratio range of from 6:1 to 0.5:1 of glycoside to block copolymer in order to rapidly increase the wetting rate of the water repellent soil.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTIONThe present invention generally relates to the use of surfactant blends to enhance the infiltration of water and / or aqueous compositions through water repellent soil. More particularly, the present invention relates to blends of alkyl polyglycosides and ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymers to rapidly improve the hydrophilicity of such soil.BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTIONAgriculturalists have to work with all types of plant growth media such as sand, natural earth, horticultural soils, and various soil-mimicking, soil-less plant culture substrates; however, the bane of essentially all agriculturalists is water repellent soil. Water repellent soil retards water infiltration into the soil matrix and often renders entire areas of the upper layers of the soil substrate essentially impervious to water penetration. Under rainfall or irrigation conditions, dire environmental consequences can result from the water repellency of the topsoil, such as surface runoff...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): C09K17/14C09K17/16C09K17/18C09K101/00
CPCC09K17/18C09K17/16
Inventor KOSTKA, STANLEY J.BIALLY, PAUL THOMAS
Owner AQUATROLS HLDG
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