The invention belongs to the technical field of supercapacitors, and particularly relates to a manufacturing methodof a rhenium disulfide supercapacitor based on biological template method growth, which comprises the following steps: step 1, pretreating a pollen biochar material; 2, synthesizing an ultrahigh-density rhenium disulfide nanosheet on apretreated biological carbon template; 3, performing high-temperature annealing treatment onsynthesized ultrahigh-density rhenium disulfide nanosheet grown by the biological template method; and 4, preparing aproduct obtained in the step 3 into an active material, and assembling the active material into the all-solid-state supercapacitor. The material prepared by the invention is ultrahigh-density rhenium disulfide grown on the basis of a three-dimensional porous network structure; the material has the advantages of uniform growth, difficult agglomeration, provision of a large specific surface area to improve the capacity when used as a supercapacitor material, use of a carbonized and annealed biochar skeleton as a substitute of a supercapacitor conductive additive, greenness, environmental protection, and easiness in production practice.