The invention discloses a backflushing type heat exchange system with a water pressure and temperature detecting function. The backflushing type heat exchange system comprises a cold water inlet pipe (5), a hot water outlet pipe (6), a waste water inlet pipe (7), a waste water outlet pipe (8), a nozzle (15), an upper heat exchange trough (1) and a lower heat exchange trough (2). An upper heat exchange device (3) and a lower heat exchange device (4) are respectively arranged in the upper heat exchange trough (1) and the lower heat exchange trough (2), a detachable filter screen (17) is arranged in the lower heat exchange trough (2), a first pressure sensor (42) and a second pressure sensor (41) are arranged on two sides of the filter screen (17) and respectively connected with a controller (14), and the controller (14) comprises a comparing module (143) respectively connected with a setting module (144), the first pressure sensor (42), the second pressure sensor (41) and a temperature sensor (25). The backflushing type heat exchange system solves the technical problem that dirt is prone to accumulating in the heat exchangers and cannot be automatically cleaned.