Seismic wave beam forming method based on receiving array

Abstract

The invention relates to a seismic wave beam forming method based on a receiving array. Aiming at a conventional controllable focus seismic data set U, a delaying parameter Tau is adopted to form a control parameter n with a wave beam; a directional seismic data set V1 is synthesized by utilizing a wave beam forming method; if the signal to noise ratio of the data set V1 meets the quality requirement of collected data, the process is finished; if the signal to noise ratio of the data set V1 is still lower, a secondary wave beam forming process is carried out on the data set V1 to obtain a directional seismic data set V2, and on the like, directional seismic wave data Vopt meeting the requirement of the signal to noise ratio is synthesized. Compared with the prior art, the seismic wave beam forming method has the advantages that: firstly, data collection can be finished by only using single controllable seismic source, the collection process is simple and the collection cost is far lower than that of an array seismic source; secondly, compared with a direction illumination collection technology based on the single seismic source, the capability of improving the signal to noise ratio is greatly improved; and thirdly, a seismic exploration depth can be greatly improved under the condition of not changing output force of the controllable seismic source, so that the seismic wave beam forming method is particularly suitable for a lamellar geologic body which has stronger background noises and is difficult to obtain the data with the high signal to noise ratio.

Description

Technical field: [0001] The invention relates to a processing method for geophysical data, in particular to a preprocessing method for seismic data of a vibrator. Background technique: [0002] The existing vibrator seismic exploration method has received more and more attention in seismic exploration due to its non-destructiveness to the environment. [0003] CN1560650 discloses a "phase-controlled vibrator system", [0004] CN1560651 discloses a "phased array seismic exploration method", [0005] CN101320095 discloses a "single source directional illumination seismic signal synthesis method", [0006] CN101339252 "Seismic Exploration Method Based on Single Vibrator Directional Illumination"; the main problems of vibroseis seismic exploration are weak source energy and strong background noise, so the signal-to-noise ratio of received data is low and the exploration depth is shallow. In order to improve the quality of acquired data, the beamforming method can be used to f...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] CN101339252 "Seismic Exploration Method Based on Directional Illumination of Single Vibrator"; the main problems of vibroseis seismic exploration are weak source energy and strong background noise, so the signal-to-noise ratio of received data is low and the exploration depth is shallow

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