Method for controlling chocolate spot by diversity planting of broad beans and potatoes under zero tillage of rice stubble

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for controlling chocolate spot by diversity planting of broad beans and potatoes under zero tillage of rice stubble. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) dividing a vacant rice field into lines, wherein a line spacing is 60cm; (2) sowing a new species of moderate chocolate spot resistance broad beans, named as 'Tongchanxian No.8', in the vacant rice field in a mode of emptying two lines and sowing two lines; (3) sowing detoxification potato seeds of 'Chongqing potato No.1' in the empty lines from the 12nd-18th in December each year after the broad beans are sown, and covering the seeds by straws after sowing; and (4) harvesting. The broad beans and the potatoes are interplanted to lower the density of broad bean plants with the weak chocolate spot resistance in each unit area, thereby slowing down the transmitting and spreading process of chocolate spot; 'air chutes' are formed between the broad beans and the potatoes to effectively lower the air humidity in the field and shorten the retention time of dews on the broad bean plants and leaves to lighten the morbidity degree; and the potatoes serve as barriers to prevent chocolate spot germs from spreading so as to lighten the disease, and the prevention and control effect on the chocolate spot is remarkable.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for preventing and controlling broad bean red spot disease under the condition of no-tillage on rice stubble, and belongs to the field of plant protection. Background technique [0002] Chocolate spot is caused by Botrytis cinerea and Botrytis fabae Sard and B.fabae.sard. It is the main disease in broad bean producing areas in the world. The International Center for Agricultural Research in Dry Areas and the The major broad bean producing countries where the disease is endemic all list the resistance of broad bean varieties to red spot disease as one of the main breeding goals. [0003] On average from 2001 to 2007, the world's dry broad bean production area was 2.6736 million hectares, with a total output of 4.4578 million tons, of which China's production area was 1.1431 million hectares, with a total output of 2.0926 million tons, accounting for 42.76% and 46.94% of the world respectively. In some broad bean produc...

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Problems solved by technology

[0004] At present, due to the large-scale planting of a single variety in broad bean production, the genetic diversity of biological components has been reduced, and the farmland ecosystem has become increasingly fragile. occurred, causing serious losses to broad bean production

In recent years, rice stubble no-tillage broad beans have been widely promoted in many provinces in southern China, but the promotion effect in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is not satisfactory. The main reason is that the humidity in the idle rice fields is too high, which easily causes broad bean red spot disease. Occurrence and prevalence, leading to low yield of broad bean

The prevention and control of broad bean red spot disease mainly adopts agricultural control and chemical control, and the negative effects of environmental pollution and pesticide residues brought by chemical control far exceed its control effect. Therefore, there is no relatively complete and effective control of broad bean red spot disease. spot disease method

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