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Alkaline powder for treating leaked sulfuric acid and preparation method of alkaline powder

An alkaline and powder technology, applied in the field of alkaline powder disposal of leaked sulfuric acid and its preparation, can solve problems such as adverse effects on the environment and human health, water environment and soil environment, lack of process control measures, etc., and reach the judgment of the disposal end point Simple, easy to judge the end point, less hygroscopic effect

Active Publication Date: 2015-01-07
ENG DESIGN & RES INST OF GENERAL ARMAMENTS DEPT +2
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AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

On the one hand, the neutralization of sulfuric acid by lye will release a large amount of heat, and the short-term temperature rise can reach more than 170°C, which is very easy to form sulfuric acid mist, which is harmful to human health and causes secondary harm; on the other hand, the sulfate produced by neutralization is easily Soluble in water, it will affect the water environment and soil environment; moreover, due to the lack of process control measures for disposal, it is easy to cause secondary pollution due to excessive alkali dosing
[0005] The water dilution method mainly uses a large amount of water to dilute the acidity of the leaked sulfuric acid to the allowable range of the environment, theoretically diluting 1m 3 The concentrated sulfuric acid needs about 3.7×10 7 m 3 If there is too much water, it will not only cause a short-term temperature rise, but also expand the leakage pollution area and waste huge water resources.
[0006] The sand landfill method is mainly to cover the leaked sulfuric acid with sand. This method is only suitable for the disposal of a very small amount of concentrated sulfuric acid leakage. Although it is fast and simple, it has low efficiency and cumbersome subsequent disposal. Potential adverse effects on the environment and human health
[0007] A kind of acid leakage treatment agent is disclosed in CN101693141A, is made of reaction substance, absorption substance, flow aid and indicator, wherein reaction substance is equivalent to acid-base neutralizer, can be alkaline earth metal oxide (calcium oxide, oxide Magnesium) or / and basic carbonates (sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, calcium carbonate or calcium sesquicarbonate), although these reactive substances can deal with leaked concentrated sulfuric acid, but there will be a large amount of smoke and a rise in temperature, The highest temperature can reach above 150°C, and it is easy to produce pungent odor and cause secondary problems
These reports indicate that factors such as the content of initiator and crosslinking agent and reaction conditions seriously affect the water absorption performance of the water-absorbing agent, and the above-mentioned reports are only in the research stage; ) and its modified materials. The larger the molecular weight, the better its performance in a certain aspect (such as water absorption). Since it is not mentioned in the above reports, their practical application is limited.

Method used

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  • Alkaline powder for treating leaked sulfuric acid and preparation method of alkaline powder

Examples

Experimental program
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Effect test

Embodiment 15

[0042] Embodiment 15L concentrated sulfuric acid (98%, about 10kg) leakage treatment

[0043] Prepare 30kg of alkaline powder for handling sulfuric acid leakage, and its composition ratio is: 17.0kg of neutralizer (15.5kg of sodium bicarbonate, 1.2kg of calcium carbide slag modified product), 5.1kg of auxiliary agent (diatomaceous earth), absorbent Heat agent 6.8kg (potassium nitrate); moistureproof agent 0.654kg (polyacrylamide); dispersant 0.44kg (sodium stearate); indicator 0.006kg (bromothymol blue). The specific preparation method is to add clear water (about 18 L) that can just dissolve the neutralizing agent and auxiliary agent in the reaction tank, start stirring, and add a certain amount of neutralizing agent and auxiliary agent (each excess 10%) in sequence in proportion, and wait for After stirring evenly, stop stirring, let stand for 12 hours (overnight), then send to dry under reduced pressure, then through grinding and sieving, weigh 22.1kg of the part that passe...

Embodiment 211

[0045] Embodiment 211L concentrated sulfuric acid (98%, about 20kg) leakage treatment

[0046] Prepare 50kg of alkaline powder for handling sulfuric acid leakage, and its composition ratio is: neutralizer 26.9kg (sodium bicarbonate 20.6kg, calcium hydroxide 6.3kg), auxiliary agent 8.6kg (diatomaceous earth); endothermic agent 12.8kg (potassium chloride 10.8kg, potassium nitrate 2kg), moisture-proof agent 0.974kg (polyacrylamide), dispersant 0.72kg (sodium stearate), indicator 0.006kg (methyl red). The specific preparation method is to add clear water (about 75 L) that can just dissolve the neutralizing agent and auxiliary agent in the reaction tank, start stirring, and add a certain amount of neutralizing agent and auxiliary agent (each excess 10%) in sequence in proportion. After stirring evenly, stop stirring, let stand for 12 hours (overnight), then send to dry under reduced pressure, then through grinding and sieving, take 35.5kg of the parts that pass the inspection (40 m...

Embodiment 35

[0048] Embodiment 35L concentrated sulfuric acid (50%, about 7kg) leakage treatment

[0049] Prepare 21.0kg of alkaline powder used to handle sulfuric acid leakage, and its composition ratio is: 6.4kg of neutralizer (3.0kg of sodium carbonate, 2.8kg of modified carbide slag), 10.0kg of auxiliary agent (diatomaceous earth); Heat agent 3.2kg (potassium chloride 2.7kg, potassium nitrate 0.5kg), moisture-proof agent 1.276kg (polyacrylamide), dispersant 0.12kg (sodium stearate), indicator 0.004kg (bromothymol blue). The specific preparation method is: add clear water (about 18 L) that can just dissolve the neutralizing agent and auxiliary agent in the reaction tank, start stirring, and add a certain amount of neutralizing agent and auxiliary agent (each excess 10%) in proportion, Stop stirring after being stirred evenly, leave standstill for 12 hours (overnight), then send to vacuum drying, then by grinding and sieving, take by weighing 13.2kg of the part that passes the inspection...

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Abstract

The invention provides alkaline powder for treating leaked sulfuric acid and a preparation method of the alkaline powder. The alkaline powder is prepared from a neutralizer, an aid, a heat absorbent, a moisture-proof agent, a dispersant and an indicator in a certain ratio by a specific method. The raw materials for preparing the alkaline powder are readily available; the preparation method is simple, convenient and low in energy consumption; and the prepared powder does not cake, and is low in moisture absorption and good in settling performance after being sprayed. The alkaline powder can be used for effectively treating the leaked sulfuric acid of which the concentration is 50 to 98 percent or more; and the treatment process has the characteristics of high response speed, low temperature rise, secondary harm prevention, simplicity and convenience in endpoint judgment and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of emergency treatment for leakage of acidic dangerous chemicals, in particular to an alkaline powder for disposing of leaked sulfuric acid and a preparation method thereof. Background technique [0002] Sulfuric acid is an important industrial chemical, which is extremely acidic, corrosive and hygroscopic. It is widely used in the fields of industry, agriculture, national defense and scientific research. If it leaks suddenly during production, transportation and use, it will cause Cause serious safety accidents, endanger the lives and property of the people, and may cause serious environmental pollution. [0003] Sulfuric acid itself is not volatile, and sulfuric acid with a mass concentration of more than 50% will release a large amount of heat when it leaks and meets water or substances that can react with it as the concentration increases. On the one hand, the temperature rises, up to 170°C. , On the other hand, ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Patents(China)
IPC IPC(8): A62D3/36B01D53/83B01D53/48A62D101/47
Inventor 张统王守中董春宏徐军刘士锐詹予忠邵志元
Owner ENG DESIGN & RES INST OF GENERAL ARMAMENTS DEPT
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