Method of measuring and calculating distribution of water temperatures of river channel below dam of reservoir

Abstract

Provided is a method of measuring and calculating distribution of the water temperatures of a river channel below a dam of a reservoir. Actually-measured data of the weather and the hydrology are combined, changes of the water temperatures along the river channel below the dam of the reservoir are measured and calculated, a position below the dam of the reservoir serves as the first measuring and calculating section, and the spacing distance of sections along the river channel is calculated according to an integral multiple of the one-day and one-night flow path of a river reach with the mean velocity. Heat exchange of water in the river channel is fully considered, detailed analysis does not need to be carried out on hydrodynamic processes, the mean velocity is used for replacing hydrodynamic calculation, the analysis of hydrodynamic equations required by numerical simulation calculation can be avoided, and workloads of calculation are reduced greatly. Meanwhile, according to the method, main factors leading to the changes of the water temperatures of the river channel are fully considered, and accuracy of calculation is guaranteed. As for the method, the good accuracy is obtained, the amount of calculation is relatively small, complex boundary condition data are not needed, work efficiency can be improved greatly, application fields can be widened, the accuracy and usability can be taken into account better, and the method can effectively assist in making discharging schemes of the water temperatures and the flow quantity of the reservoir.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of water conservancy, in particular to a method for measuring and calculating the water temperature distribution of a channel under a reservoir dam. Background technique [0002] The water temperature of a river is a comprehensive reflection of factors such as the meteorological conditions of the basin, the shape of the river channel, and the type of supply. After the construction of reservoirs on rivers (mainly large reservoirs), the shape of the river channel changes from a continuous meandering form to a barrier lake and reservoir form. The temperature stratification of the reservoir water changes the temperature of the water discharged to the river below the dam. How to determine a reasonable water temperature for discharge To make the water temperature in the ecologically sensitive area of ​​the river channel under the dam as close as possible to the natural situation, it is necessary to measure and cal...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] Current river water temperature calculation methods are divided into two categories: one is the empirical formula method, which is easy to apply, but it is not based on the internal mechanism of water temperature changes, and the reliability of the prediction is not high. It is generally used for the water temperature of some small rivers. Calculation; the other is the numerical simulation method, which uses mathematical equations to calculate the hydrodynamic process, and calculates factors such as wind force and air temperature. Specialized personnel, software and equipment with numerical modeling skills required

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