Straw returned to field multiple-cropping method applicable to rice field-upland field rotation

A paddy-dry rotation and straw technology, applied in the field of agricultural production, can solve problems such as affecting the quality of the whole field of the rotary tiller, unfavorable winter crop emergence, affecting the growth of the root system of crops, etc. The effect of weeds

Inactive Publication Date: 2014-05-21
宜昌市农业科学研究院
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

This method of crushing and returning rice straw to the field is easy to operate and labor-saving; however, in the process of changing from water to drought (drying the field), the rice straw is dried in the sun, has strong toughness, and is easy to entangle the machine, which affects the quality of the rotary tiller and is not conducive to the emergence of winter crops; At the same time, because the dry rice straw has not been

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0015] Example 1: Multiple cropping of rapeseed or cruciferous vegetables after returning straw to the field

[0016] 1. Straw treatment during rice harvesting (mechanical crushing and returning to the field). After the rice is mature, the rice is harvested with a semi-feeding crop combine harvester. While harvesting, the rice straw is cut and crushed into small pieces of 3-5 cm, and the field is covered to keep the height of the rice stubble in the field less than 30 cm.

[0017] 2. Do not plow the land and artificially sow rapeseed or cruciferous vegetables in precision drills. The method is: the paddy field kang is dried for 5-7 days, and when the ditching machine can go to the field, spread the base fertilizer evenly on the field; use a wooden rake to scrape the straw, the wooden rake has 4-6 teeth, the tooth width is 2-4 cm, and the teeth are connected to each other. The distance between them is 20-30cm (consistent with the row spacing of the rice stubble); after the str...

Embodiment 2

[0023] Example 2: Replanting wheat after returning rice straw to the field

[0024] 1. Straw treatment during rice harvesting (mechanical crushing and returning to the field). After the rice is mature, the rice is harvested with a semi-feeding crop combine harvester. While harvesting, the rice straw is cut and crushed into small pieces of 3-5 cm, and the field is covered to keep the height of the rice stubble in the field less than 30 cm.

[0025] 2. Sowing wheat without plowing the land. The method is: the paddy field kang is dried for 5-7 days, and when the ditching machine can go to the field, spread the base fertilizer evenly on the field; use a wooden rake to scrape the straw, the wooden rake has 4-6 teeth, the tooth width is 2-4 cm, and the teeth are connected to each other. The distance between them is 20-30cm (the same as the row spacing of rice stubble); after the straw is removed, the wheat is artificially drilled on the surface of the empty rows where the straw is ...

Embodiment 3

[0030] Example 3: Replanting potatoes after returning rice straw to the field

[0031] 1. Straw treatment during rice harvesting (mechanical crushing and returning to the field). After the rice is mature, the rice is harvested with a semi-feeding crop combine harvester. While harvesting, the rice straw is cut and crushed into small pieces of 3-5 cm, and the field is covered to keep the height of the rice stubble in the field less than 30 cm.

[0032] 2. Drilling potatoes without plowing the land. The method is: the paddy field kang is dried for 5-7 days, and when the ditching machine can go to the field, spread the base fertilizer evenly on the field; use a wooden rake to scrape the straw, the wooden rake has 4-6 teeth, the tooth width is 2-4 cm, and the teeth are connected to each other. The distance between the plants is 20-30cm (the same as the row spacing of the rice stubble); after the straw is removed, the potato seed potatoes are placed on the surface of the empty rows...

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PUM

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Abstract

The invention provides a straw returned to field multiple-cropping method applicable to rice field-upland field rotation. The straw returned to field multiple-cropping method comprises the following steps of harvesting ripe rice through a harvester, smashing straws and laying the straws in the field flatly to dry and decay the straws; not performing plough before winter crop seeding, applying fertilizers, pulling the straws open, and seeding; after seeding, performing furrowing, earthing, fertilizer covering and seed covering through a front-loading furrowing and soil-throwing machine; opening ditches to perform water irrigation, keeping the waterflooding depth of 15cm-20cm, and draining water after waterflooding for 3-5 hours; performing final singling after seedlings of winter crops emerge, and reserving seedling space to be 1cm-30cm; harvesting ripe winter crops, smashing the straws, performing plough to returning the straws to the field, and irrigating to transplant rice seedlings after plough. By means of the straw returned to field multiple-cropping method, the straws are returned to the field in situ, labor intensity is not increased, air pollution caused by straw burning is avoided, seedling emergence quality of the winter crops is improved, and early seedling emergence and high yield of the winter crops are facilitated.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for replanting winter crops after rice straw is returned to the field, belonging to the field of agricultural production. Background technique [0002] Rice, rapeseed, wheat and other winter crops are planted in multiple seasons a year, which is an important crop planting system in my country. It is mainly distributed in the Yangtze River Basin, with a planting area of ​​about 13 million hectares. This method of paddy and dry crop rotation can improve the aeration of the soil, increase the number and activity of soil microorganisms, prevent and control diseases and weeds, and increase the rice yield in the second year. It is an important guarantee measure for national food security. At present, the multi-cropping method of flood-drain rotation in the Yangtze River Basin is: harvesting rice in autumn (autumn harvest), ditching the fields, converting paddy fields into dry fields, burning rice straw, rotary plowing and re...

Claims

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Application Information

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IPC IPC(8): A01B79/02
Inventor 程雨贵王友海吕敏童玥谈育红艾刚华王晓宇黄学顺
Owner 宜昌市农业科学研究院
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