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Region constraint-based frequency band division energy seismic surface wave processing method

A technology of regional constraints and processing methods, applied in the field of oil and gas seismic exploration, can solve problems such as unfavorable and accurate processing of imaging, and achieve the effects of clear features, easy structural interpretation, and improved signal-to-noise ratio.

Inactive Publication Date: 2015-02-11
CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEM CORP +1
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  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Most methods produce some changes or are eliminated to the effective signal, which is not conducive to the precise processing and imaging in the later stage

Method used

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  • Region constraint-based frequency band division energy seismic surface wave processing method
  • Region constraint-based frequency band division energy seismic surface wave processing method
  • Region constraint-based frequency band division energy seismic surface wave processing method

Examples

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Effect test

example 1

[0109] Example 1: Single-shot data collected by seismic exploration in an oil area 1, see Figure 6a . according to figure 2 The processing flow is carried out, and the single shot is separated after the surface wave, see Figure 6b , the separated face waves see Figure 6c . visible Figure 6b The surface waves in the single shot are effectively separated, which can lay a high signal-to-noise ratio foundation for later processing. Using the original single-shot data for superposition processing respectively, the surface wave superposition is obtained, see Figure 7a , using the single-shot data after surface wave separation to perform superposition to obtain the superposition after surface wave elimination, see Figure 7b , The signal-to-noise ratio is improved by eliminating the low-frequency interference of the profile surface wave, the characteristics of the seismic wave group are clear, and it is easy for structural interpretation and subsequent research.

example 2

[0110] Example 2: Single-shot data collected by seismic exploration in an oil area 2, see Figure 8a . according to figure 2 The processing flow is carried out, and the single shot is separated after the surface wave, see Figure 8b , the separated face waves see Figure 8c . visible Figure 8a The surface waves in the single shot are effectively separated, laying the foundation for later reprocessing. Using the original single-shot data for superposition processing respectively, the band surface wave superposition is obtained, see Figure 9a , using the single-shot data after surface wave separation to perform superposition to obtain the superposition after surface wave elimination, see Figure 9b . The signal-to-noise ratio is improved by eliminating the low-frequency interference of the profile surface wave, and the characteristics of the seismic wave group are clear, which is easy for structural interpretation and subsequent research.

[0111] The purpose of the p...

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Abstract

The invention provides a region constraint-based frequency band division energy seismic surface wave processing method and belongs to the field of oil and gas seismic exploration. The method comprises the following steps of (1) inputting seismic data, wherein the seismic data is seismic collection single-shot data required to be processed; (2) designing a time window; (3) performing frequency division processing on the seismic data in the time window designed in step 2; (4) calculating the average vibration amplitude value in the time window within different time windows and different frequency bands; (5) designing a vibration amplitude threshold value; (6) analyzing high amplitude; (7) judging and processing a surface wave area constraint; (8) analyzing an effect, if the effect is proper, performing step (9), and if the effect is not proper, returning to the step (5); (9) after inverse wavelet transformation is performed on the processed seismic data to form data, outputting the data. By the method, global low-frequency information is effectively protected, meanwhile, surface wave is more effectively eliminated in the surface wave area, and the signal to noise ratio is improved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of oil and gas seismic exploration, and in particular relates to a method for processing seismic surface waves of sub-frequency band energy based on regional constraints. Background technique [0002] Surface wave is one of the most common interference waves in land seismic exploration. Compared with the effective signal, its energy is often several times or even dozens of times stronger. The apparent velocity is low and the energy is strong. The frequency is mainly distributed within 10Hz. As the propagation distance increases, the duration of surface wave amplitude becomes longer, resulting in dispersion and broom-like distribution. The selection and application of surface wave suppression processing methods have a great influence on the processing of seismic data. [0003] Surface wave processing methods for seismic data mainly include: [0004] 1. Band-pass filter method. According to the low frequency of the s...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): G01V1/28G01V1/30
Inventor 郭恺
Owner CHINA PETROLEUM & CHEM CORP
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