Unmanned aircraft ground multi-beam electronically controlled scanning measurement and control antenna

Abstract

The invention relates to a ground multibeam electric controlled scanning measuring and controlling antenna for an unmanned aerial vehicle, which comprises the components of a horizontal low-elevation-angle electric-control multibeam high-gain directional antenna array, a large-elevation-angle beamforming omnidirecitonal antenna and an RF switch array which is controlled by a wave beam for connecting. The invention aims at a technical gap in measuring and controlling by a multiple-target unmanned aerial vehicle and provides a technical solution in which an electric controlled multibeam scanning antenna system is used for supplying semi-space wavebeam whole coverage and performing tracking, measuring and controlling on the multiple-target unmanned aerial vehicle. For saving cost, considering the performance and reducing system complexity, the RF switches are used for performing electric control scanning on multiple beams which cover the low-elevation-angle area antenna array and the omnidirectional antenna that performs overhead large-elevation-angle beamforming, thereby realizing tracking, measuring and controlling on the multiple-target unmanned aerial vehicle.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a measurement and control antenna, specifically a ground multi-beam electronically controlled scanning measurement and control antenna for unmanned aircraft, which belongs to the technical field of multi-beam antenna arrays. Background technique [0002] Traditional beam scanning antennas are generally realized by moving or rotating the reflector or the feed source mechanically. There are two main problems in this form of scanning: first, the speed of beam scanning is limited by the mechanical inertia of the movement, which will cause the entire system to fail to achieve fast airspace scanning; second, the wear and tear caused by mechanical movement will be greatly reduced lifetime of the entire system. [0003] The counterpart to the mechanical scanning antenna is the electrical scanning antenna. The most typical electrically scanned antenna is a phased array antenna. The phased array antenna has good scanning performance, ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

There are two main problems in this form of scanning: first, the speed of beam scanning is limited by the mechanical inertia of the movement, which will cause the entire system to fail to achieve fast airspace scanning; second, the wear and tear caused by mechanical movement will be greatly reduced lifetime of the entire system

The traditional implementation of passive phased array antennas is based on the phase-shifting network and power distribution network as the core, and controls the shape and beam direction of the beam by controlling the geometry of the antenna array and the amplitude and phase distribution of the antenna aperture excitation signal, so passive The phased array antenna has the following disadvantages: ①The equipment is huge, which is not conducive to miniaturization and integration; ②The power loss of the power distribution network and the phase shifting network is very alarming; ③Due to the requirements of real-time performance and the complexity of the beamforming algorithm, the beam control computer must use High-performance computers, expensive equipment; ④The lack of efficient phase shifters limits the application of phased array antennas when the operating frequency increases

[0004] Although many scholars at home and abroad have devoted themselves to the research of active phased arrays based on T / R components in recent years, the bottleneck problem of lack of effective phase shifters in high frequency bands has not been completely resolved, which limits the use of phased array antennas in spaceborne, Wide application in airborne and vehicle-mounted small equipment

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