Water tending and rain avoiding fertilizing method for reducing chemical fertilizer non-point source pollution of plain rural section in south

A non-point source pollution and fertilization method technology, applied in fertilization methods, fertilization devices, agriculture, etc., can solve the problems of fertilizer nutrient leaching and other problems, achieve the effects of promoting crop growth, reducing farmland non-point source pollution, and improving the utilization rate of the season

Inactive Publication Date: 2016-05-04
INST OF PLANT PROTECTION & SOIL FERTILIZER HUBEI ACAD OF AGRI SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The natural ecological conditions in the south are very conducive to crop production, but due to the unreasonable control of fertilization time nodes, a large number of fertilizer nutrient leaching events occur from time to time

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0044] High-yielding hybrid cotton was planted on the sandy soil along the river in eastern Hubei. The total rainfall was 43.5 mm from July 21 to 22. The rain stopped on the 23rd, and no heavy rain was predicted within a week. The main technical content of cotton flowering and boll fertilizer is as follows: July 25 The moisture content of the soil in the field is about 8.2% measured by the soil moisture meter. The soil feels moist when touched by hand, and can be kneaded into a ball. The soil ball will disperse when you let go of your hand, and it will not drip when you hold it tightly. Therefore, it can be judged that the soil is in the period of fertilization. , Suitable for field operations. Open a 12cm fertilization ditch at 10cm on the other side of the row of cotton plants that was fertilized last time, apply the weighed fertilizer evenly into the ditch, and cover with soil.

Embodiment 2

[0046] Feed corn was planted on the loamy soil of the Jianghan Plain. It was originally planned to fertilize seedlings on June 20, but continuous rainfall occurred on June 17-21, with a cumulative rainfall of 64.3mm. The rain stopped on the 22nd, and no heavy rain is forecast within a week The corn seedlings were fertilized one week later than expected. On June 27, the soil moisture content in the field was measured by a soil moisture meter to be about 16.8%. The surface soil felt moist to the touch, soft and semi-solid, non-plastic, and could be kneaded Formed into strips or clusters, but not sticky to hands, so it can be judged that the soil is in the fertilization period and suitable for field operations. On the other side of the corn basal fertilizer row, dig a 15cm hole for each corn plant 8cm, apply the prepared fertilizer into the hole, and cover with soil.

Embodiment 3

[0048]Planting mid-season rice on fluvo-aquic paddy soil in Qianjiang City, Hubei Province. The main contents before and after applying basal fertilizer are: water storage for whole field and construction of field ridges, pumping water to irrigate the fields on May 25, and construction of field ridges with a width of 18-20 cm and a height of 23 -25cm to ensure that the paddy field does not leak water, rake the paddy field, and control the depth of the water layer at about 2cm; pay attention to the local weather forecast from May 28, if there is no heavy rain in the forecast within a week, you can apply the base fertilizer, and spread the base fertilizer evenly on the field surface , rake the field surface again, and the depth of the field is about 8cm, so that the fertilizer is fully mixed with the soil; the seedlings can be transplanted the next day after applying the basal fertilizer, and after transplanting, keep a thin layer of water on the field surface for 2-3cm to turn gr...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a water tending and rain avoiding fertilizing method for reducing chemical fertilizer non-point source pollution of a plain rural section in the south, and relates to two soil utilization types, namely, dry land and paddy fields. The method comprises the steps that in the dry land, 1, the dry land serves as farmland, the proper fertilization period of soil is determined, and fertilization is carried out according to the proper fertilization period of the soil; 2, fertilization and rain avoiding are carried out according to weather forecast; 3, deep application of fertilizer and earthing are carried out; in the paddy fields, 1, the paddy fields serve as farmland, and water storage and field preparation are carried out; 2, ridges are heightened; 3, fertilizer is applied to shallow water; 4, fertilization and rain avoiding are carried out according to weather forecast; 5, drainage is avoided. By means of the water tending and rain avoiding fertilizing technology, dissolution of fertilizer nutrients in the soil is accelerated, absorption of the nutrients by crops is promoted, the yield is increased, the risk of leaching loss of the fertilizer nutrients caused by direct surface runoff and subrosion is reduced, farmland non-point source pollution is effectively avoided or relieved, and good economic, social and environmental benefits are achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to an agricultural fertilization method, in particular to a fertilization method for reducing non-point source pollution of chemical fertilizers in southern plain agricultural areas by tending to water and avoiding rain. technical background [0002] As early as the 1980s, when chemical fertilizers were widely used across the country, some scholars proposed the "three-view" fertilization principle of looking at the sky, looking at the ground, and looking at the growth of crops. "Looking at the sky" is mainly to formulate a reasonable fertilization plan according to meteorological conditions such as light, temperature and rainfall. Among them, rainwater has both positive and negative effects. Its positive effect is to accelerate the dissolution of fertilizers, promote the absorption of fertilizer nutrients by crops, and improve the utilization rate of fertilizer nutrients in the current season; Leaching by surface runoff and under...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): A01C21/00
CPCA01C21/005
Inventor 刘冬碧范先鹏张富林佀国涵夏颖熊桂云吴茂前
Owner INST OF PLANT PROTECTION & SOIL FERTILIZER HUBEI ACAD OF AGRI SCI
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