Filament Friction Composite Spinning Method for Yarn Forming Nano and Micro Scale Reinforcing Fibers

Abstract

The invention relates to a filament-friction composite spinning method for forming yarns by nano-micro scale reinforced fiber and belongs to the technical field of textile processing. The filament-friction composite spinning method is characterized in that an electrospinning device is arranged between each pair of friction rollers on a friction spinning machine and corresponding feeding devices; an electrostatic spinneret area is formed between an electrostatic spinneret head of the electrospinning device and a receiving surface of a receiving plate; nano fibers spun from the electrostatic spinneret head are sprayed to the filament surfaces passing through the electrospinning area; when the filaments adhered with the nano fibers keeps on moving forwards to be between the friction rollers, the filaments and drafted short-fiber strands are converged and are twisted into yarns by composite friction; and due to the nano fiber, contacted cohesion between the micro-sized short fibers and the filaments and between the micro-sized short fibers and the filaments is greatly increased. The filament-friction composite spinning method has the advantages that by combination of the nano electrospinning and filament-friction composite spinning, the problems of low absolute strength and no high-speed smooth production of the pure nano fibers are solved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a filament friction composite spinning method for forming nano and micro-scale reinforcing fibers, belonging to the technical field of textile processing. technical background [0002] Yarn structure directly determines yarn performance. The average porosity of ring-spun yarns with different linear densities is generally between 10% and 30%, but the average porosity of yarns with different linear densities is different. The thicker the yarn, the greater the average porosity; The porosity of the middle layer on the cross-section of the spindle yarn is the smallest, showing a compact structure, and the porosity of the outer layer of the yarn is the largest, showing a loose structure. Larger yarn porosity is the main factor for the yarn to have greater fluffy and breathable properties, but the larger the porosity, the looser the connection between the fibers in the yarn body, resulting in a decrease in the cohesion force between ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the shape and scale of the nanofiber itself is too thin, and the absolute strength of the fiber is low. In particular, carbon nanofibers are characterized by high brittleness, which leads to serious damage and destruction of the pure nanofibers after they are twisted and twisted into yarns. It is reported that nanofibers are twisted. There are many torsion and fractures of nanofibers during yarn formation, and the mechanical advantages of nanofibers have not been exerted, and the spun yarns are far below the expected theoretical effect

Based on the technical problems and bottlenecks of pure nanofiber yarn, the China Intellectual Property Office published an invention patent on November 01, 2012, "Spinning Device and Spinning Method for Nanofiber and Filament Composite Yarn", patent application number ZL201210433332.X , the application provides a method of introducing filaments to two nanofiber receiving trays while electrospinning, so that the nanofibers adhere to the two nanofilaments, and then add the two filaments Twisted and combined to obtain a filament / nanofiber composite yarn with ultra-high specific surface area of ​​nanofibers and high-strength properties of filaments; although this application overcomes the problem that nanofibers have low strength and are difficult to purely spin into yarns, but It only involves the twisting of filaments and nanofibers into yarns, while the conventional large-scale textile processing is natural and chemical short fiber spinning, so the processing and application scope involved in this application is narrow, and the application of conventional short fibers in the textile industry has not been solved and realized. Nanocomposite spinning production

Based on the above-mentioned technical problems and bottlenecks, especially the technical production requirements of composite yarns made of nanofibers and conventional cotton fibers, the China Intellectual Property Office published an invention patent "a preparation method of nanofiber blended composite yarn" on November 20, 2013. , patent application number ZL201310586642.X, the application public case proposed a method in the carding process, using electrostatic nano-spinning to directly spray onto the cotton net output by the carding machine, mixed with the cotton net to make cotton / nano fiber strips, and then A method of making blended composite yarns from cotton / nanofiber strips through roving, spun yarn and other processes. This method seems to be simple and effectively composites nanofibers and cotton fibers together, but this method has inherent principles and actual production Problem: The key problem is that nanofibers have a large specific surface area and strong adhesion and cohesion with conventional cotton fibers. In this case, it will be difficult for the cotton fibers to be free during the drafting process of the roving and spinning processes. , smooth relative slippage, frequent hooks, difficult drafting, uneven drafting, etc., resulting in poor quality of the final twisted yarn, which cannot realize the production and production of high-function, high-quality nanocomposite yarns. processing

The invention patent "a method and system for preparing nanofiber coating on the surface of yarn or fiber bundle" published by the China Intellectual Property Office on August 4, 2011, the patent application number ZL201110221637.X, the application public case provides a method using When the yarn passes between the nozzle of the spinning nozzle and the collector, the surface of the yarn is directly subjected to the nano-spinning spraying effect of the nozzle to form a nano-coating film; obviously, this application belongs to the spraying method, The nanofiber fails to enter the yarn body and cannot form an excellent cohesion with the short fibers inside the yarn, which will inevitably cause the nano-coating layer to detach from the yarn surface or wear off during subsequent use and processing. poor durability

Therefore, the nanofibers are too thin, the drafting is insufficient during production, the strength is too low, the adhesion and durability are poor, and the coating on the surface of the fabric is easy to wear and fall off, and cannot be processed by conventional spinning. As a result, nanofibers can only be used in textile industrial production. A small amount of processing into non-woven fabrics or nano-membranes is not yet possible for high-speed textile processing and production in batches, which seriously restricts the industrial application of nanofibers in textiles

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