Additive manufacturing device and method

Abstract

The invention provides an additive manufacturing device. The additive manufacturing device comprises a vacuum forming cavity, a powder bed, a lifting mechanism, a powder supply mechanism and an electronic gun, wherein the powder bed, the lifting mechanism and the powder supply mechanism are arranged in the vacuum forming cavity, and the electronic gun is arranged above the vacuum forming cavity. The electronic gun is provided with a plurality of electron beam emitting units distributed in an array mode. The powder bed is connected to the lifting mechanism. The lifting mechanism drives the powder bed to precisely go up and down and to be precisely positioned. The powder supply mechanism supplies and lays powder on the powder bed. Electron beams emitted by the electron beam emitting units conduct precise melting scanning forming on the powder laid on the powder bed. According to the additive manufacturing device, the electronic gun provided with the electron beam emitting units distributed in the array mode is used, the electron beam emitting units with different array positions are controlled to conduct precise scanning forming on different areas of the powder bed, the beam current quality of the electron beams can be ensured, and the electron beams are correspondingly responsible for each area, so that all the areas are effectively linked up, and a large-size part is rapidly manufactured on the premise that the part forming precision and quality are ensured. In addition, an additive manufacturing method provided by the invention is easy to operate and achieve.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the technical field of additive manufacturing, in particular to an additive manufacturing device and method. Background technique [0002] Additive manufacturing technology, also known as 3D printing or rapid prototyping technology, is based on a three-dimensional digital model file, using materials such as metal powder, wire or bondable plastic, to construct objects by stacking and accumulating layer by layer. Technology. Additive manufacturing technology is widely used in mold making, industrial design, etc., and is now gradually being used for direct manufacturing of some products, especially some high-value applications (such as hip joints or teeth, or some aircraft parts). [0003] The additive manufacturing methods of metal parts mainly include laser selective sintering (SLS), laser selective melting (SLM), laser coaxial powder feeding direct manufacturing, electron beam fuse forming (EBAM), and powder bed electron beam ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

As the deflection angle of the electron beam increases, the quality of the electron beam drops significantly, and electromagnetic calibration can no longer ensure that the beam quality meets the needs of forming

In addition, the deflection angle of the electron beam in the forming area at the edge of the powder bed is very large, and the beam spot of the electron beam will be deformed to a certain extent, resulting in deviations in the shape of the molten pool and energy distribution, resulting in poor precision and quality of formed parts

Using mechanical movement to move the electron gun or powder cylinder will greatly reduce the molding efficiency due to the slow speed of the mechanical movement. At the same time, moving the electron gun or powder cylinder will make the electrical and mechanical structure of the equipment complex, which will easily cause the operation reliability of the equipment to decrease

However, simply increasing the number of electron guns cannot effectively connect the responsible areas of each electron gun due to the problem of layout space.

In short, under the premise of ensuring the manufacturing accuracy and quality of parts, large-sized parts cannot be produced solely by electron beam electromagnetic deflection scanning.

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