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Separation method of waste plastics

A technology of waste plastics and separation methods, which is applied in the field of waste plastic recycling, can solve the problems of complex process steps, cumbersome, increased costs, etc., and achieve the effects of simple process, environmental protection, simple process operation, and good feasibility

Active Publication Date: 2018-05-15
ZHENGZHOU UNIV
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Homogeneous Advanced Oxidation technology has strong oxidation ability, which can be used to modify the surface of plastics to strengthen the difference in wettability of different plastic surfaces, but Homogeneous Advanced Oxidation needs to control the pH of the aqueous solution to be acidic, and needs to add a large amount of iron ions to the aqueous solution, resulting in a large amount of The acidic waste liquid containing iron ions needs to be treated before it can be discharged. The process steps are complicated and cumbersome, and the cost is increased

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0022] Crush polystyrene and acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene waste plastics, take 200g of plastic particles with a particle size of 0.8-3.0mm, and add them to 200mL of 0.1mol / L ferrous chloride aqueous solution, and the stirring speed is 50rpm , then add 200mL of 0.05mol / L sodium borohydride aqueous solution dropwise, stir for 60min, then let it stand for 20min, filter out the plastic particles loaded with nanometer zero-valent iron, and add it to 300mL of 4% hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution In the process, stir evenly for 5 minutes, filter out the plastic particles, and carry out flotation after cleaning. The purities were 96.8% and 99.6%, respectively, and the recoveries were 99.5% and 97.4%, respectively.

Embodiment 2

[0024] Break polystyrene and polycarbonate waste plastics, take 180g of plastic particles smaller than 2.0mm, add them to 400mL 0.05mol / L ferrous nitrate aqueous solution, stir at 200rpm, then add 300mL 0.03mol / L ferrous nitrate dropwise Sodium borohydride aqueous solution, stirring time is 90min, then stand still for 10min, filter out plastic particles loaded with nanometer zero-valent iron, add to 400mL hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution with a concentration of 2%, stir evenly for 2min, filter out plastic particles , carry out flotation after cleaning, the flotation conditions are: camphor oil 40g / t plastics, flotation 2min, the purity of polystyrene and polycarbonate after separation is 98.8% and 96.4% respectively, and recovery rate is 97.9% and 98.5% respectively. %.

Embodiment 3

[0026] Add 100 g of pomelo peel to 200 mL of aqueous ethanol solution (50% concentration) and heat to 90° C. for 40 min, then centrifuge to obtain grapefruit peel extract. Break polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride waste plastics, take 150g of 0.5-2.0mm plastic particles, add them to 150mL grapefruit peel extract, stir at 500rpm, add 0.1mol / L ferrous sulfate solution dropwise into the pomelo peel extract, then filter out the plastic particles loaded with nano-zero-valent iron, add it to 300mL of 20% hydrogen peroxide aqueous solution, stir evenly for 4min, filter out the plastic particles, and carry out flotation after washing. The selection conditions are: fatty alcohol 10g / t plastic, flotation for 8 minutes, the purity of polystyrene and polyvinyl chloride after separation are 95.2% and 97.8%, and the recovery rates are 98.1% and 94.3% respectively.

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Abstract

The invention relates to a separation method of waste plastics and belongs to the technical field of recycling of waste plastics. Hydrophilic groups are introduced to the surface of plastics by a heterogeneous advanced oxidation technique, surface wettability of the different plastics is selectively changed, and flotation separation is achieved for the mixed plastics. An efficient separation technique of waste plastics provided herein has high material adaptability, high separation efficiency and good operational simplicity, and technical support is provided for the separation and recycling ofwaste plastics.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for separating waste and old mixed plastics, belonging to the technical field of waste and old plastics recycling. Background technique [0002] As one of the most commonly used materials, plastic has more and more applications in human life. The use of plastic products is mostly disposable. The rapid development of the plastic industry and the massive consumption of plastics have led to a sharp increase in the amount of waste plastics. The traditional treatment methods of waste plastics are incineration and landfill, which not only cause waste of resources, but also cause serious environmental pollution. Therefore, the recycling of waste plastics is highly valued worldwide. The waste plastic recycling process mainly includes three steps: collection, sorting and reprocessing. Due to chemical incompatibilities and differences in physical properties, efficient separation of different plastics is required. At present,...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C08J11/04
CPCC08J11/04Y02W30/62Y02P20/143
Inventor 王重庆
Owner ZHENGZHOU UNIV