A method for rapidly extracting high-purity low-molecular-weight chitin from shrimp and crab shells

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for rapidly extracting high-purity low-molecular-weight chitin from shrimp and crab shells. The method comprises the following steps of removing foreign matter on theinner and outer surfaces of shrimp and crab shells, after water is used for repeated washing, soaking the shrimp and crab shells with an ethyl alcohol solution, performing drying, grinding and screening, and taking shrimp and crab shells with the mesh size being 100 or below for use; mixing glycerin and a hydrochloric acid solution and placing the mixture into a reaction container, stirring the mixture to be uniform under the room temperature for use; mixing the obtained shrimp and crab shell powder and the mixed solvent according to the mass ratio, and performing a reaction to obtain a product; adding the obtained reaction product into distilled water, performing cooling, performing centrifuging on a high-speed centrifuge according to the set speed and the set time, performing repeated washing till the mixture approaches to be neutral, drying sediments, and then obtaining chitin. Due to the fact that glycerin can evenly permeate the shrimp and crab powder, internal and external heating is uniform in the heating process, and meanwhile, by means of hydrogen ions in hydrochloric acid, protein is rapidly hydrolyzed in the heating state; the purpose of simultaneously removing calcium and degrading chitin is achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for rapidly extracting high-purity low-molecular-weight chitin from shrimp and crab shells, and belongs to the technical field of separation and extraction of natural products. Background technique [0002] According to statistics, my country can produce 50 MT of aquatic products such as shrimp and crab every year, and the discarded shrimp and crab shell resources amount to 10 MT, which not only causes a great waste of resources, but also seriously pollutes the environment. It has become one of the hotspots of research at home and abroad to transform it into a valuable biological resource. Shrimp and crab shells contain a large amount of chitin, which is also known as chitin, chitin, chitin, polyacetylglucosamine, etc., and is composed of N-acetyl-2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucose It is a natural polysaccharide formed by connecting -1,4 glycosidic bonds. It is a natural polymer compound second only to cellulose in content on t...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

These conventional methods of extracting high-molecular-weight chitin not only still have different problems, such as the acid-base method will produce a large amount of acid-base wastewater, which will pollute the environment and have a long production cycle; enzymatic cleaning has less environmental pollution , but the enzyme used in the production is expensive and the production cost is high; the disadvantage of the fermentation method is that the production cycle is long; the ionic liquid is the direct solvent of chitin, but due to its poor biodegradability and certain toxicity, the cost is 2~ of ordinary solvents 4 times or even higher, and the process is complicated, requiring two or more steps to obtain

Therefore, it is of great significance to find a method with simple process, low environmental pollution and rapid preparation of low-molecular-weight chitin from shrimp and crab shells by one-step method. , a low-cost, high-boiling solvent that is a by-product of biodiesel and has no application in the extraction of low-molecular-weight chitin

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