Method and device for automatically controlling speed of generation of nitrogen oxide from nitric acid by nitration and oxidation

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for automatically controlling the speed of generation of nitrogen oxide from nitric acid by nitration and oxidation. The device comprises a reaction kettle, a speed controller, a double-stacked-square-shaped tube and a dropping funnel with a dropping valve. The reaction kettle is provided with an upper cover, and the upper cover is provided with an air inlet and anair outlet; and a liquid drainage tube with a liquid drainage valve is arranged on the bottom of the reaction kettle. The speed controller is a barrel of which the upper end is closed and the lower end is open, and a nitrogen oxide outlet hole is formed in a side wall of the speed controller. The dropping funnel with the dropping valve is connected with the double-stacked-square-shaped tube, theother end of the double-stacked-square-shaped tube penetrates through the top wall of the speed controller and is inserted to the bottom of the speed controller, the top wall of the speed controller is in sealed connection with the outer wall of the inserted tube, and the upper end of the tube body, which is inserted in the speed controller, of the double-stacked-square-shaped tube is provided with an air pressure balancing hole. A blow-down tube with a blow-down valve is introduced from the high point of a bent tube of the double-stacked-square-shaped tube. The speed controller is placed in the reaction kettle. The device has the beneficial effects that the nitrogen oxide generation speed is automatically controlled to be equal to treatment speed, energy conservation and emission reduction are implemented, absorption of equipment is facilitated, and emission of the nitrogen oxide is relieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the fields of organic synthesis and environmental protection, and in particular relates to a method and a device for automatically controlling the speed of nitric acid nitrification oxidation to produce nitrogen oxide. Background technique [0002] Both nitric acid nitration and oxidation reactions produce a large amount of nitrogen oxide gas. In the current process, nitric acid is added dropwise to the surface of the reaction liquid in the reactor, and a powerful fan is used to suck the generated nitrogen oxide gas and the air entering the reactor into the multi-stage absorption equipment for treatment, and the tail gas is emptied. The nitrogen oxide treatment speed of the absorption equipment can be constant, but the nitrogen oxide production speed is not only related to the nitric acid drop rate, but also related to the reaction temperature, reaction liquid concentration and suction pressure and other factors. The nitric ac...

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Problems solved by technology

The nitric acid dropping rate is manually controlled through the valve. If the operator makes mistakes in judgment or operation, there will be a big difference between the production rate of nitrogen oxides and the processing speed of the absorption equipment.

If the production speed is much lower than the processing speed, it will waste the processing capacity of the absorption equipment and affect the production progress; if the production speed is greater than the processing speed, the excess nitrogen oxide will be released with the tail gas, which will not only cause air pollution, but also waste nitrogen oxide resources

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