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Tunnel axis fitting method and application thereof in calculation of over-excavation and under-excavation amount

A tunnel and axis technology, applied to the calculation of excess and underexcavation, in the field of tunnel axis fitting, can solve the problems of time-consuming and laborious, the algorithm can not accurately fit the axis position, etc., to achieve low labor costs and improve data effectiveness performance, reducing the amount of calculation and the effect of calculation difficulty

Pending Publication Date: 2020-08-04
SICHUAN ROAD & BRIDGE GRP +2
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

For example, Torrey applied 3D laser scanning technology to the deformation detection of subway tunnels, and proposed a method of continuous interception of tunnel sections, but the algorithm cannot accurately fit the axis position for tunnels under construction.
Another example is that Xu Lei proposed a tunnel overbreak and underbreak detection method based on laser point cloud, but the tunnel centerline measurement needs to be done separately, and the actual operation is time-consuming and laborious.
[0005] Based on the current research situation, there is no simple, fast and accurate calculation method for the tunnel axis

Method used

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  • Tunnel axis fitting method and application thereof in calculation of over-excavation and under-excavation amount
  • Tunnel axis fitting method and application thereof in calculation of over-excavation and under-excavation amount
  • Tunnel axis fitting method and application thereof in calculation of over-excavation and under-excavation amount

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Embodiment 1

[0066] This embodiment discloses a tunnel axis fitting method based on laser point cloud data, including the following steps:

[0067] 1. The preprocessing step of the tunnel point cloud data, the tunnel point cloud data is the three-dimensional point cloud data obtained after scanning the excavated tunnel by the ground three-dimensional laser scanning system. The preprocessing steps include in turn: establishment of data topology, data filtering, data compression, data splicing and feature fitting steps.

[0068] 2. A step of fitting the tunnel axis based on the preprocessing result. The tunnel axis fitting step includes: a step of evaluating the surface normal vector of the initial pavement part in the preprocessing result, and a subsequent tunnel axis fitting step. Among them, the evaluation of the surface normal vector adopts the moving least square method (Moving Least Square, MLS) to evaluate the surface normal vector of the initial paving part, so as to correct the sur...

Embodiment 2

[0070] This embodiment discloses a tunnel axis fitting method based on laser point cloud data, including the following steps:

[0071] 1. Preprocessing steps of tunnel point cloud data

[0072] The tunnel point cloud data is the 3D point cloud data obtained by scanning the excavated tunnel through the ground 3D laser scanning system. Such as figure 1 Shown is a set of tunnel 3D point cloud data models. Before the axis fitting, the tunnel point cloud data needs to be preprocessed, and the preprocessing process includes the following steps.

[0073] A. Data topology establishment

[0074] Before calculating the point cloud data, it is necessary to establish a topology for the point cloud data.

[0075] The adjacent points of any data point in the point cloud are closely related to the properties of the point, and the K points adjacent to the data point are called K nearest neighbors. The point cloud data obtained by a 3D laser scanner is generally an unordered point cloud. ...

Embodiment 3

[0125] On the basis of fitting the initial plane axis, this embodiment discloses an analysis method for over- and under-excavation in tunnel construction: on the basis of fitting the tunnel axis vector, use the rotation matrix to rotate the point cloud data, and make the vector through the rotation coincides with the positive direction of the z-axis. The three rotation matrices around the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis are shown in formulas (5.1), (5.2) and (5.3):

[0126]

[0127]

[0128]

[0129] Where: R x (ψ), R z (θ) are the clockwise rotation ψ around the x, y, and z axes, Rotation matrix for angle θ.

[0130] In order to more intuitively observe the deviation between the excavation situation and the design plan, after fitting the axis direction, project the initial cladding part onto a two-dimensional plane from the cross-sectional direction for observation. The RANSAC algorithm is used to fit the center of the circle projected on the two-dimensional plane ...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a tunnel axis fitting method and an application thereof in over-excavation and under-excavation quantity calculation, and the method comprises the steps: A, preprocessing tunnel point cloud data, and sequentially comprises the steps: data topological structure building, data filtering, data compression, data splicing and feature fitting; and carrying out tunnel axis fittingbased on the preprocessing result, wherein the tunnel axis fitting sequentially comprises a step of carrying out surface normal vector evaluation on the initial building surface part in the preprocessing result and a tunnel axis fitting step carried out after the surface normal vector evaluation. According to the invention, topological structure fixation, noise filtering and data compression arecarried out on unordered original data with noise; the calculation amount of the subsequent process is reduced, the calculation difficulty is reduced, splicing and feature fitting are carried out on the data to highlight the data set features, improve the data effectiveness and further improve the calculation efficiency, and the method corrects the surface normal of the initial building surface part and improves the accuracy of axis fitting.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of tunnel construction, in particular to a tunnel axis fitting method based on laser point cloud data, and the application of the method to the calculation of over- and under-excavation quantities. Background technique [0002] In mountainous areas, whether it is building railway projects or road projects, a large number of tunnels need to be excavated. At present, the main method used in tunnel construction is the drill and blast method, and the situation of over-excavation and under-excavation is unavoidable. The over-excavation and under-excavation of the tunnel will directly affect the cost and cycle of construction. If the situation of over- and under-excavation is not monitored, large safety production accidents may also occur. [0003] Usually, before overbreak and underbreak analysis, we need to determine the tunnel construction axis first. A common vehicular approach to tunnel axes is to use traditional su...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): G06T11/20G06T3/00G06T17/00G06T5/00G06T3/40G06K9/62G06T5/40
CPCG06T11/203G06T17/005G06T3/4038G06T5/40G06T2207/10028G06T2207/20028G06T2207/20032G06F18/2135G06T3/06G06T5/70
Inventor 马坤刘静海阳俊何敏蒙扬露梁晓燕岳翠萍
Owner SICHUAN ROAD & BRIDGE GRP