Active sowing depth and compaction force adjusting system of no-tillage planter

Abstract

The invention provides an active sowing depth and compaction force adjusting system for a non-tillage planter, which comprises a monitoring system and a control system, wherein the monitoring system comprises a sowing depth detection mechanism, a sowing depth prediction model, a pressure prediction model and a compaction force detection mechanism, wherein the control system comprises a sowing depth control model, a downward pressure control model, a compaction force control model, a downward pressure adjusting mechanism, a depth limiting wheel height adjusting mechanism and a compaction force adjusting mechanism; the monitoring system is used for calculating and processing data acquired by the sowing depth monitoring mechanism, acquiring the sowing operation depth during sowing operation through the sowing depth prediction model, acquiring the downward pressure of a sowing unit and the compaction force of a compaction wheel through the pressure prediction model, and realizing the adjustment of the compaction force through the compaction force adjusting mechanism; and the downward pressure adjusting mechanism, the depth limiting wheel height adjusting mechanism and the compaction force adjusting mechanism cooperate to ensure that the sowing depth of the no-tillage planter and the compaction force are stable, and meanwhile the downward pressure of the sowing unit is adjusted.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of agricultural intelligent machinery, and in particular relates to an active sowing depth and pressure regulating system for a no-tillage seeder. Background technique [0002] Sowing depth, referred to as sowing depth, refers to the thickness of the soil layer covered by the seeds. It is an important reference index for evaluating the quality of sowing. The accuracy of sowing determines the emergence rate, emergence uniformity and seedling growth status. The downward pressure exerted by the planter on the sowing unit through the four-link profiling mechanism and the pressure exerted by the pressure wheel on the seed ditch after sowing will both compact the soil covered on the seeds, and proper soil compaction helps to ensure that the seeds Good contact with the soil, excessive soil compaction will affect the extension of crop roots and water penetration, and ultimately affect crop growth and yield. [0003] Compared...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The downward pressure exerted by the planter on the sowing unit through the four-link profiling mechanism and the pressure exerted by the pressure wheel on the seed ditch after sowing will both compact the soil covered on the seeds, and proper soil compaction helps to ensure that the seeds Good contact with the soil, excessive soil compaction will affect the extension of crop roots and water penetration, and ultimately affect crop growth and yield

[0003]Compared with traditional sowing operations, the no-tillage sowing operation has no rotary tillage and leveling on the surface of the sowing operation, and the soil compactness of the seed ditch varies greatly, and the surface undulations are large , the surface structure is complex, which has a significant impact on the stability of the sowing depth and pressure during the operation of the no-tillage planter, and it is easy to cause relatively large fluctuations in the sowing depth and pressure, resulting in poor consistency of seed emergence and reduced crop yields.

[0004] Existing no-tillage seeders mostly use passive mechanical springs for profiling. Sowing depth and pressure can be adjusted, but it is difficult to meet the complex and changeable no-tillage operation environment

When encountering a hard surface, the downforce provided by the passive mechanical spring is insufficient, and the opener cannot ditch into the soil, causing the sowing depth to be too shallow or even the phenomenon of drying seeds; when encountering a softer soil, the passive mechanical spring instead It is easy to cause too deep sowing and excessive compaction of the seed ditch soil

At the same time, the existing active sowing depth and downforce control system only achieves the purpose of sowing depth adjustment by adjusting the downforce at the four-linkage, and cannot directly adjust and detect the sowing depth and pressure.

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