Method, device and system for converting stage structure and ring structure signal schemes
A technology of signal scheme and conversion method, applied in the field of traffic signals, which can solve the problems of different architectures, inability to achieve smooth mutual transfer, and resistance of different signals accessing a unified platform.
Active Publication Date: 2021-09-14
SHENZHEN URBAN TRANSPORT PLANNING CENT
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AI-Extracted Technical Summary
Problems solved by technology
[0003] Due to the different architectures of these two protocols, it is impossible to achieve smooth mutual transfer. Since the configurations of different intersections are not the same, many...
Method used
In the present embodiment, input variable is determined according to intermediate structure, and input variable is input in the mixed integer linear programming model and obtains decision variable to determine ring structure, and then realized the smooth conversion of stage structure signal scheme to ring structure signal scheme , which is conducive to building a unified signal control platform.
[0099] In this embodiment, by converting the stage stru...
Abstract
The invention provides a method, a device and a system for converting stage structure and ring structure signal schemes and relates to the technical field of traffic signals. The stage structure and ring structure signal scheme conversion method comprises the following steps of obtaining a stage structure; converting the stage structure into an intermediate structure; converting the intermediate structure into a ring structure; wherein the control scheme based on the stage structure comprises specific information of each stage; wherein the control scheme based on the intermediate structure comprises the starting time and the duration time of each phase in the period; wherein the control scheme based on the ring structure comprises the phase number contained in each ring and the sequence of the phase number. According to the method, the stage structure is converted into the intermediate structure and then converted into the ring structure, a mixed integer linear programming model modeling solution method is introduced when the intermediate structure is converted into the ring structure, smooth conversion from the stage structure to the ring structure signal scheme is achieved, and construction of a unified signal control platform is facilitated.
Application Domain
Controlling traffic signalsDetection of traffic movement
Technology Topic
Process engineeringControl engineering +5
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Example Embodiment
[0023] In order for those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present application, some terms in the existing traffic signal control solutions, the traditional ring-boundary-based traffic signal control strategies and the phase-phase-based traffic signal control strategies are described below. The signal control strategy is briefly explained.
[0024] 1. Terminology Explanation
[0025] Signal cycle (may be referred to as cycle): the time required for the signal light to poll for one lap according to the set release direction, release sequence and release time;
[0026] Phase: During a signal period, the signal display state of one or more traffic flows that simultaneously obtain the right of way;
[0027] Phase sequence: multiple phases are combined to arrange a release sequence;
[0028] Phase phase: used to describe the number of transitions of the "right of way" at the intersection between phases within a signal cycle, and each transition of the "right of way" enters a new phase;
[0029] Ring: Different from the phase phase, the signal phase expression related term defined by the American Electrical Manufacturers Association. In the existing phase sequence expression structure based on Ring-Barrier (Ring-Barrier), the number of rings contained in each boundary must be the same. , and the total duration of the phases contained in each ring in each boundary must be equal;
[0030] Control strategy (also known as control scheme): An ordered set of junctions with respect to phase settings, phase sequence settings, and signal timing.
[0031] 2. Traffic Signal Control Strategy Based on Ring-Boundary
[0032] In the traditional ring-boundary-based traffic signal control strategy, or the traffic signal control strategy based on the ring structure protocol, one signal cycle may include one or more (usually one or two) rings, and one ring may It includes one or more phases, and the corresponding phases with conflicting traffic clearance need to be isolated and belong to different boundaries. When there are multiple rings, each ring in the same boundary runs concurrently, and only when the phases in each ring are completed, the next boundary can be entered, and the next boundary starts to run.
[0033] The traditional loop-boundary-based traffic signal control strategy has the following constraints:
[0034] Each boundary contains the same number of rings, and the total duration of the phases contained in each ring in each boundary is the same.
[0035] 3. Traffic signal control strategy based on phase phase
[0036] In the traditional phase phase-based traffic signal control strategy, or the phase structure protocol-based traffic signal control strategy, a signal cycle can include multiple phase phases, and a phase phase can include one or more phases. The same phase phase The different phases in run concurrently. During strategy configuration, the duration of each phase stage, as well as the yellow light duration and full red duration of each phase in each phase stage can be configured. The green light duration of each phase in each phase stage can be based on the duration of The yellow light duration and full red duration are determined.
[0037] Generally speaking, the timing structure of the stage is easier to understand than the ring structure, especially for non-signal professionals; for example, for special phase structures such as multiple releases a week, there is no difference between the stage structure and the general phase sequence structure.
[0038] The ring structure can easily adjust whether to use the overlap phase and which overlap phase to use through the phase time. Since the signal optimization algorithm optimizes the green light time of each traffic flow, the green light time of each traffic flow under the stage structure is often split into multiple stages, which need to add up to add additional constraints. In comparison, the ring structure is more convenient.
[0039]In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0040] like figure 1 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for converting a signal scheme of a stage structure and a ring structure, including: acquiring a stage structure; converting the stage structure into an intermediate structure; converting the intermediate structure into a ring structure; wherein, based on The control scheme of the phase structure includes the specific information of each stage; wherein, the control scheme based on the intermediate structure includes the start time and duration of each phase in the cycle; wherein, the control scheme based on the ring structure includes The phase number contained in each ring and its order.
[0041] Specifically, in this embodiment, the conversion method of the phase structure and the ring structure signal scheme includes: acquiring the phase structure. Since this scheme is to connect the signals of different protocols to a unified signal control platform, it can be based on The semaphore for protocol development of the stage structure acquires the stage structure.
[0042] Convert the stage structure into an intermediate structure. The intermediate structure refers to the expression of the signal timing scheme in VISSIM. The signal timing scheme of a group traffic flow (or signal light group) consists of one or more groups of [green light start time, green light duration, green light Flashing time, yellow light time], of which multiple groups correspond to multiple releases per week (in a signal cycle, some traffic flows only have one continuous green light on once, which is called one release, and multiple green lights are released multiple times in a cycle). Happening.
[0043] The intermediate structure is converted into a ring structure, thereby realizing the conversion from the phase structure signal scheme to the ring structure signal scheme, which is beneficial to build a unified signal control platform.
[0044] Among them, the control scheme based on the stage structure includes scheme number, cycle duration, stage chain (stage number and its sequence), stage duration chain (and the duration corresponding to the stage chain), specific information of each stage (all stages of phase release, The late start time and early break time of the phase in this phase) and the specific information of each phase (the total traffic flow corresponding to the phase, the late start time of the phase, the green flash time, the yellow light time, the full red time, etc.).
[0045] Among them, the control scheme based on the intermediate structure includes the scheme number, cycle duration, specific information of each phase (all traffic flow corresponding to the phase, late start time of the phase, green flashing time, yellow light time, full red time, etc.) and each phase. The start time and duration of a phase within the cycle.
[0046] Among them, the control scheme based on the ring structure includes the scheme number, the cycle duration, the phase number and its sequence contained in each ring, the duration of each phase of each ring, and the specific information of each main phase (all traffic corresponding to the phase). flow, phase delay time, green flash time, yellow light time, full red time, concurrent phase, etc.) and specific information of each follow-up phase (all traffic flow corresponding to the phase, phase delay time, green flash time, yellow light time, full red time, follow type, master phase, correction phase, etc.).
[0047] The structure of the signal scheme is briefly described below.
[0048] (1) Stage structure
[0049] plan_id - intersection plan number
[0050] cycle_length - cycle length
[0051] stage_list - stage chain
[0052] stage_duration_list - stage duration (corresponds to stage chain)
[0053] movements_dict - traffic flow
[0054] key=movement_id,value=Movement(movement_id,direction, approach_id,flow_direction, no_conflict_movements)
[0055] phases_dict - phases
[0056] key=phase_id,value=Phase(phase_id,movement_id,light_group_ids, lag,green_clear, yellow, all_red)
[0057] stages_dict - phase time
[0058] key = stage_id,
[0059] value= Stage (stage_id, phase_list, late_start, early_truncate)
[0060] late_start, key = phase_id, value = the late start time of the phase in this phase
[0061] early_truncate,key = phase_id, value = early break time of phase in this phase
[0062] Note:
[0063] 1. A movement can correspond to multiple phases.
[0064] 2. A phase can appear in multiple (can be discontinuous) stages.
[0065] (2) Ring structure
[0066] plan_id - intersection plan number
[0067] cycle_length - cycle length
[0068] movements_dict - traffic flow
[0069] key = movement_id, value=Movement (movement_id, direction, approach_id, flow_direction, no_conflict_movements)
[0070] phases_dict - phases
[0071] key=phase_id, value = RingPhase (phase_id, movement_id, ring_num,concurrency_phases, light_group_ids, lag, green_clear, yellow, all_red,phase_type=0)
[0072] ring_num, ring number
[0073] concurrency_phases, concurrency phases (list of phase_ids)
[0074] value = OverlapPhase (phase_id, movement_id, included_phases,modifier_phases, overlap_type, light_group_ids, lag, green_clear, yellow,all_red, phase_type=1)
[0075] included_phases, parent phases (list of phase_ids)
[0076] modifier_phases, modifier phases (list of phase_id)
[0077] overlap_type, follow type (1 - not described, 2 - controlled by parent phase, 3 - controlled by parent phase and modified phase)
[0078] ring_phases - the phases contained in the ring
[0079] key = ring_num,
[0080] value = phase chain (list of phase_ids)
[0081] phase_durations - the duration of the phase
[0082] key = ring_num,
[0083] value = phase time chain (list of phase durations)
[0084] Note:
[0085] 1. The phases that are released multiple times a week are all set to follow the phase.
[0086] 2. The phase in which both the first and last phases of the cycle are released, also called multiple releases per week.
[0087] 3. The same traffic flow has only one phase number, and each phase number appears only once in the loop.
[0088] (3) Intermediate structure
[0089] plan_id - intersection plan number
[0090] cycle_length - cycle length
[0091] movements_dict - traffic flow
[0092] key = movement_id, value=Movement (movement_id, direction, approach_id, flow_direction, no_conflict_movements)
[0093] phases_dict - phases
[0094] key=phase_id, value = Phase (phase_id, movement_id, light_group_ids, lag, green_clear, yellow, all_red)
[0095] phase_times - phase times
[0096] key = phase_id, value = [phase start time, phase duration]
[0097] Note:
[0098] 1. A phase is only released once, and a movement can correspond to multiple phases.
[0099] In this embodiment, by converting the stage structure into the intermediate structure and then into the ring structure, the smooth transition from the stage structure signal scheme to the ring structure signal scheme is realized, which is beneficial to build a unified signal control platform.
[0100]Optionally, the converting the phase structure into the intermediate structure includes: traversing each phase in the phase structure, and determining the phase release phase according to the specific information of the phase in the phase structure; If the phases of the phase release are continuous, the phase start time of the first release is taken as the start time of the phase within the cycle to determine the duration of the phase in the intermediate structure, wherein the phase in the intermediate structure The duration of a phase is the time sum of the phases; if the phases released by the phase are discontinuous, the phase is split into a plurality of phases to determine the intermediate structure.
[0101] Specifically, in this embodiment, converting the stage structure into the intermediate structure includes: traversing each phase in the stage structure, and determining the stage of phase release according to the specific information of the stage in the stage structure; if the phases of the phase release are continuous, then The phase start time of the first release is taken as the phase start time in the cycle to determine the duration of the phase in the intermediate structure, where the duration of the phase in the intermediate structure is the sum of the phase times; if the phases of the phase release are discontinuous, then Split the phase into multiple phases to determine intermediate structures.
[0102] In this embodiment, different methods are selected according to whether the phases of the phase release are continuous or not, so as to determine the intermediate structure, so that the phase structure can be converted into the intermediate structure.
[0103] Optionally, after the phase is split into multiple phases, the method for converting the phase structure and the ring structure signal scheme further includes: generating corresponding phase numbers for the multiple split phases, so that each Phases are released only once.
[0104] Specifically, in this embodiment, after the phases are split into multiple phases, the method for converting the phase structure and the ring structure further includes: generating corresponding phase numbers for the multiple split phases, so that each phase Only one release. Generally, if there are multiple releases per week, the following phase needs to be split into multiple phases, and the corresponding phase numbers are generated to ensure that each phase is released only once.
[0105] In this embodiment, by generating corresponding phase numbers for the split phases, it is ensured that each phase is released only once, and the orderliness of signal control is ensured.
[0106] Optionally, the converting the intermediate structure into a ring structure includes: determining input variables according to the intermediate structure, and inputting the input variables into a mixed integer linear programming model to obtain decision variables to determine the ring structure.
[0107] Specifically, in this embodiment, converting the intermediate structure into a ring structure includes: determining input variables according to the intermediate structure, and inputting the input variables into a mixed integer linear programming model to obtain decision variables to determine the ring structure. In mixed integer linear programming models, some variables require integers.
[0108] An example of applying a mixed integer linear programming model is provided below.
[0109] 1. Variables
[0110] Table 1 - Variables
[0111]
[0112]
[0113]
[0114] 2. Calculate the input variable
[0115] 2.1 Cycle time division
[0116] The collection of the start time and end time of the phase constitutes the division points of the cycle time, and the time of each phase of the generated ring structure can only use these time division points as the start time and end time.
[0117] 2.2 Barrier Location
[0118] Judging the time division points other than the above-mentioned cycle start time and cycle end time:
[0119] If one side is a pedestrian-only phase, the split point is the barrier;
[0120] If the conflicting vehicle phases on both sides exceed 2/3, the split point is barrier;
[0121] Other cases are not barriers.
[0122] 3. Constraints
[0123] 3.1 Time constraints of the phase chain of the loop
[0124] The end time of the previous phase is equal to the start time of the next phase.
[0125] .
[0126] The time of the previous phase is 0, then the time of all subsequent phases is 0.
[0127] .
[0128] The times of all phases of a ring add up to 0 or the period duration. in, is a 0-1 variable.
[0129] .
[0130] 3.2 Phase and time slice containment relationship
[0131] phase The finest time granularity is the time slice , which can no longer be divided into smaller time slices. is a 0-1 variable representing the phase in time slice whether to release, phase duration of is the time length of each release time slice add up.
[0132] in, is a 0-1 variable, is a very large normal number.
[0133] .
[0134] 3.3 Give each Distribute Phase and Time Consistent
[0135] ring First phases, at most one phase Occupied; each phase , assigned to at most one ring of phase.
[0136] .
[0137] ring First phase is phased Occupied, the phase start time and duration are the same.
[0138] .
[0139] 3.4 Give each assign barrier
[0140] use value to mark each Which barrier belongs to, starting from 0, the difference between the tag values of adjacent barriers is 1.
[0141] .
[0142] Simultaneous release phases and , the barrier to which it belongs is also the same.
[0143] .
[0144] The same barrier has the same start time (or end time).
[0145] phase and is the last phase of the same barrier, where ,Right now
[0146]
[0147] then there is the next phase and start time is the same, i.e.
[0148] .
[0149] because That may exist" ", " ", " "Three cases, introducing Three 0-1 variables to express these three cases, correspond" "; correspond" "; correspond" ".
[0150] The linearized expression is as follows:
[0151]
[0152] phase and respectively in two consecutive time slices If the two time slices cross barriers, the two phases belong to different barriers.
[0153] .
[0154] 3.5 Adjacent phases of the same ring collide with each other
[0155] If the phase and belong to the same ring phase within and adjacent to each other, the two phases are in conflict with each other. If it is an intra-ring phase, it must conflict with each other. If it is not an intra-ring phase, in addition to the pedestrian phase, the conflicting constraints also need to be satisfied.
[0156] .
[0157] 3.6 The concurrent phases of the same barrier do not conflict with each other
[0158] If the phase and Concurrent phases of each other, that is, different rings from the same barrier, follow the phases of these two phases respectively and do not conflict with each other. That is, when the following conditions are met, there is.
[0159] .
[0160] The linearized expression is as follows:
[0161]
[0162] 4. Optimization goals
[0163] 4.1 Objective function
[0164] The number of mother phases and correction phases should be as small as possible
[0165] The number of empty phases should be as small as possible
[0166] motor vehicle phase try not to follow phase
[0167]
[0168] in,.
[0169] In this embodiment, the input variables are determined according to the intermediate structure, and the input variables are input into the mixed integer linear programming model to obtain the decision variables to determine the ring structure, thereby realizing the smooth conversion from the phase structure signal scheme to the ring structure signal scheme, which is beneficial to Build a unified signal control platform.
[0170] Optionally, the determining the input variable according to the intermediate structure includes: determining an end time according to the start time and duration of the phase in the intermediate structure within the period, and determining the end time according to the phase in the intermediate structure within the period. The start time and end time of the cycle time determine the division point of the cycle time, wherein the time of each phase in the ring structure takes the division point of the cycle time as the start time and the end time.
[0171] Specifically, in this embodiment, determining the input variable according to the intermediate structure includes: determining the end time according to the start time and duration of the phase within the period in the intermediate structure, and determining the end time according to the start time and end time of the phase within the period in the intermediate structure The division point of the cycle time, wherein the time of each phase in the ring structure takes the division point of the cycle time as the start time and the end time. Due to the collection of the start time and end time of the phase, the division points of the cycle time, the time of each phase of the generated ring structure can only use these time division points as the start time and end time.
[0172] In this embodiment, the end time is determined according to the start time and duration of the phase in the cycle in the intermediate structure, and the division point of the cycle time is determined according to the start time and end time of the phase in the intermediate structure in the cycle, and then the input variable is completed. Sure.
[0173] Optionally, the determining the input variable according to the intermediate structure further includes: judging whether a time division point outside the cycle time is a boundary; if one side is a pedestrian-only phase, the time division point is a boundary; if If the phases of the motor vehicles that conflict with each other on both sides exceed 2/3, the time division point is the boundary.
[0174] Specifically, in this embodiment, determining the input variable according to the intermediate structure further includes: judging whether the time division point outside the cycle time is a boundary; if one side is a pedestrian-only phase, the time division point is a boundary; If the conflicting motor vehicle phases on both sides exceed 2/3, the time division point is the boundary.
[0175] In this embodiment, the determination of the input variable is completed by judging whether the time division point outside the cycle time is a boundary.
[0176] Optionally, the mixed integer linear programming model includes an objective function and constraints, and the inputting the input variables into the mixed integer linear programming model to obtain decision variables includes: when the objective function satisfies preset optimization conditions and all When the input variable and the decision variable satisfy the constraint condition, the corresponding decision variable is used as the output of the mixed integer linear programming model.
[0177] Specifically, in this embodiment, the mixed integer linear programming model includes an objective function and constraints, and inputting input variables into the mixed integer linear programming model to obtain decision variables includes: when the objective function satisfies preset optimization conditions and the input variables and decision When the variables satisfy the constraints, the corresponding decision variables are used as the output of the mixed integer linear programming model. There are three elements of optimization problem: decision variables, objective function and constraints (preconditions that are known and must be obeyed when solving some linear programming problems).
[0178] In this embodiment, when the objective function satisfies the preset optimization condition and the input variable and the decision variable satisfy the constraint condition, the corresponding decision variable is used as the output of the mixed integer linear programming model to determine the ring structure.
[0179] Another embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus for converting a phase structure and a ring structure signal scheme, including: an acquisition module for acquiring a phase structure; a first conversion module for converting the phase structure into an intermediate structure; a second a conversion module for converting the intermediate structure into a ring structure; wherein the control scheme based on the phase structure includes specific information of each stage; wherein the control scheme based on the intermediate structure includes that each phase is within a period The start time and duration of the ring structure; wherein, the control scheme based on the ring structure includes the phase number contained in each ring and its sequence.
[0180] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a phase structure and ring structure signal scheme conversion system, comprising a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program and a processor, and when the computer program is read and executed by the processor, The conversion method of the phase structure and the ring structure signal scheme as described above is realized.
[0181] Another embodiment of the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium, where a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, and when the computer program is read and executed by a processor, the above-mentioned stage structure and loop are implemented Conversion method for structural signal schemes.
[0182] Although the disclosure of the present invention is as above, the protection scope of the disclosure of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure, and these changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
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