A preparation method of ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composite material with axial gradient and plane homogeneity

Abstract

The invention discloses a method for preparing an axially gradient and planar homogeneous ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composite material. The carbon phase The gradient changes in the axial direction, and the ceramic phase is in the form of continuous composition gradient distribution and plane lattice homogeneous distribution inside the gradient C / C matrix. The method of the present invention realizes the strong ceramic phase interface design in the axial direction and near the ablation end, and From the direction near the ablation end to the far ablation end, the phase content of ultra-high temperature ceramics decreases in turn, while the carbon phase increases in order to control the phase distribution; in the plane direction, the ceramic phases are evenly distributed, and finally a kind of material that meets the performance requirements of the material is formed. The composition and content of different ceramic phases and carbon phases in the axial direction change gradually, and the ceramic phases are uniformly distributed in the plane. Gradient ceramic matrix composite material.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of C / C composite materials, in particular to a preparation method of an ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composite material with axial gradient and plane homogeneity. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of aerospace vehicles, the environment for key thermal protection structures of hypersonic vehicles is becoming more and more severe. During the flight of the aircraft, the surfaces of the wings and the leading edge are subjected to high temperature oxidation, mechanical and shock loads, and especially the inner wall near the thermal insulation layer needs to withstand a temperature drop of 1000 °C. This places great demands on the constituent materials of key thermal structural parts, that is, it needs to meet the ablation resistance of the material surface, the oxidation resistance of the inner surface at a lower temperature, and the excellent mechanical properties o...

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Problems solved by technology

[0007] In view of the defects existing in the actual application process of the existing axially homogeneous and planar heterogeneous ceramic modified C / C composite materials, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultra-high temperature ceramic matrix composite material with axial gradient and planar homogeneity The preparation method of the method combines axial gradient carbon fiber preform weaving and gradient low-melting point alloy wire lattice implantation, so that the carbon phase changes in an axial gradient, and the ceramic phase presents a continuous composition gradient inside the gradient C / C matrix. The shape of the distribution and the homogeneous distribution of the planar lattice can realize the anti-ablation and anti-oxidation performance requirements of different temperature fields, the integrated effect of anti-heat insulation, and the effect of the planar homogeneous ceramic phase distribution, while avoiding the composition mutation. The disadvantage of reduced mechanical properties

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