Staged cell potential balancing apparatus

Abstract

The invention relates to a hierarchy battery potential balance device, which can be used to potential balance between several serial batteries. The invention is divided into several groups, each of which is processed potential balance via one potential balancer device, while different groups have at least one potential balance device. Wherein, said potential balance device has hierarchy structure, whose first layer potential balance device is relative to the first group and the other layer potential balance devices are used to process the potential balance between groups.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a battery voltage potential balance device, in particular to a hierarchical battery potential balance device and a circuit structure. Background technique [0002] In most battery applications, except for a few low-voltage and low-energy-consuming electronic devices, batteries are used in series. This is because the current voltage of a single battery is not high, and the power loss is large when used alone. For example, under the same load power, a system using four batteries in series has four times the voltage and capacity of a system using a single battery, but its required output current is only a quarter of that of a single-battery system , so about 16 times the line transmission loss can be reduced. Although the use of series battery packs has its advantages, if the differences in the characteristics of the cells are not taken into account, but only considered as a "single cell" with high voltage and large capacity, the...

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Problems solved by technology

[0005] According to existing technology, figure 1 It shows a circuit structure diagram of a consumption-type battery potential balance device. Through the action of the switch, the energy of the battery 3 with a higher terminal voltage is consumed in the load resistance of each potential balancer 2. Although the circuit structure is simple, it needs to be adjusted for each Don't detect the battery terminal voltage and have heat dissipation problems

In non-consumable battery potential balancing technology, figure 2 A circuit diagram showing a battery potential balancing device based on cell power distribution. Basically, two adjacent cells are used as a balancing mechanism to transfer the energy of a battery with a higher terminal voltage to a lower battery. Although the circuit architecture has modules Expandability, but the number of potential balancer 2 is one more than the number of rechargeable batteries 3 and the balancing speed is slow; image 3 It shows a circuit architecture diagram of a decentralized battery potential balance device based on total power distribution. All DC converter circuits are independent of each other. When the battery voltage is different from the average value, the DC converter circuit is activated to remove the excessively high battery voltage. The energy is extracted and transferred to the series battery pack or the series battery pack provides additional energy to the lower voltage battery 3. Although the degree of control freedom is high, the disadvantage is that it must rely on the central control circuit to determine the operation of the converter, and the circuit volume is large, high cost; Figure 4 It shows a circuit architecture diagram of a centralized battery potential balance device based on total power distribution, using a single DC converter as the voltage equalization mechanism for each battery in a series battery pack. Theoretically, this centralized voltage equalization circuit is small in size and low in cost Low, but it is difficult to match the design and does not have modular scalability

In addition, when the number of batteries in series is increasing, it is not easy to design a battery potential balance circuit based on total power distribution, and it is not easy to improve efficiency

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