Spinal stabilization systems and methods

Abstract

Spinal stabilization devices, systems, and methods are described. In a first aspect, a foramenal spacer includes a rigid member adapted to maintain the integrity of the foramenal space. In a second aspect, facet joint stabilizing members and prosthetic facet joints are provided to augment or replace the native facet joint. In a third aspect, lateral spinal stabilization systems are adapted to be attached to the lateral surfaces of adjacent vertebral bodies. In a fourth aspect, anterior spinal stabilization systems are adapted to be attached to the anterior surfaces of adjacent vertebral bodies. In a fifth aspect, several embodiments of dynamic spinal stabilization devices and systems are described. Each of the foregoing devices, systems, and methods is suitable for use independently, in combination with other devices, systems, and methods described herein, and / or in combination with prosthetic intervertebral discs known in the art.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0001] The spine is comprised of twenty-four vertebrae that are stacked one upon the other to form the spinal column. The spine provides strength and support to allow the body to stand and to provide flexibility and motion. A Section of each vertebrae includes a passageway that provides passage of the spinal cord through the spinal column. The spine thereby encases and protects the spinal cord. The spinal cord also includes thirty-one pairs of nerve roots that branch from either side of the spinal cord, extending through spaces between the vertebrae known as the neural foramen. [0002] An intervertebral disc is located between each pair of-vertebrae. The disc is composed of three component structures: (1) the nucleus pulposus; (2) the annulus fibrosus; and (3) the vertebral endplates. The disc serves several purposes, including absorbing shock, relieving friction, and handling pressure exerted between the superior and inferior vertebral bodies associated w...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

"The patent describes various components, systems, and methods for stabilizing the spine and increasing the space between adjacent vertebral bodies to prevent nerve root impingement. The components include foramenal spacers, stabilizing members for the facet joints, and lateral and anterior spinal stabilization devices. The foramenal spacers are designed to prevent the collapse of the spine and protect the nerve root as it passes through the foramen. The stabilizing members provide shock absorption, cushioning, and support to the facet joints. The lateral and anterior spinal stabilization devices provide stability to the spine in the absence of spinal fusion. The patent also describes methods for inserting and replacing the facet joints with prosthetic facet joints that mimic the natural joint. Overall, the patent provides various tools and techniques for stabilizing the spine and increasing the space between adjacent vertebral bodies to prevent nerve root impingement."

Problems solved by technology

Disorders of the spine comprise some of the costliest and most debilitating health problems facing the populations of the United States and the rest of the world, costing billions of dollars each year.

Moreover, as these populations continue to age, the incidence of spinal disorders will continue to grow.

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