Composite Discharge Electrode

Abstract

The invention is a discharge electrode in an electrostatic precipitator having a power supply connected to at least one collection electrode and a flow of gas across the collection electrode. The discharge electrode has a plurality of conductive fibers electrically connected to the power supply and fiber tips exposed to the flow of gas. The fiber tips preferably extend from a composite in which the fibers reinforce a matrix material, but alternatively can be a large number of filaments extending from a composite rod.

Description

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION[0001]The invention relates generally to electrostatic precipitators (ESPs), and more particularly to a discharge electrode for an ESP.DESCRIPTION OF THE RELATED ART[0002]Charging electrodes are critical components used in electrostatic precipitators (ESPs), which are devices used to collect particles from gas streams, such as the streams from electric power plants burning coal. An example of such a device is shown in U.S. Pat. No. 6,231,643 to Pasic, et al., which is incorporated herein by reference.[0003]The most basic ESP contains a row of wires followed by a stack of spaced, planar metal plates. A high-voltage power supply transfers electrons from the plates to the wires, developing a negative charge of thousand of volts on the wires relative to the collection plates. In a typical ESP, the collection plates are grounded, but it is possible to reverse the polarity.[0004]The gas flows through the spaces between the wires, and then passes through the rows...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

"The invention is a new charging system that replaces the conventional charging electrodes with new materials such as carbon fibers, ceramic fibers, and metal fibers. This reduces weight and cost while improving charging characteristics and collection efficiency. The use of conducting carbon fibers or carbon nanofibers as the electrodes allows for a more uniform corona and reduces sneakage. The flexibility of the fibers also allows for different shapes and orientations to improve discharge behavior. The use of composites with lower conductivity than metal resulted in better collection efficiency and current flow. The fibers act as sharp points, resulting in better discharge characteristics than conventional electrodes. The use of small fibers or carbon nanofibers can also be employed to produce a uniform corona."

Problems solved by technology

Precipitators can fail once a very heavy buildup of waste material forms on the plates.

The buildup can block airflow or bridge across insulating gaps and short out the high-voltage power supply.

The sharp spikes of the charging electrodes are also typically made of an expensive alloy to avoid or mitigate corrosion in the harsh environments in which such electrodes are used.

The entire discharge electrode, including the rod, is commonly made of the alloy, causing the electrodes to be expensive and heavy, thereby requiring strong support structures.

Polymers are inexpensive, light and corrosion-resistant, but they do not conduct electricity, and they have poor tensile / flexural strength.

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