Loc device for pathogen detection, genetic analysis and proteomic analysis with dialysis, chemical lysis, incubation and parallel nucleic acid amplification

Abstract

A lab-on-a-chip (LOC) device for pathogen detection, genetic analysis and proteomic analysis of a biological sample, using a leukocyte dialysis section for separating out a leukocyte stream, a pathogen dialysis section for separating out a pathogen stream. A leukocyte lysis section lyses the leukocytes and a leukocyte incubation section allows enzymatic reaction of the genetic material with enzymes. A pathogen lysis section lyses the pathogens and, a pathogen incubation section allows enzymatic reaction of the genetic material with enzymes. An erythrocyte lysis section lyses the erythrocytes. First and second leukocyte nucleic acid amplification sections amplify nucleic acid sequences in parallel. First and second pathogen nucleic acid amplification sections amplify nucleic acid sequences in parallel.

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION[0001]The present invention relates to diagnostic devices that use microsystems technologies (MST). In particular, the invention relates to microfluidic and biochemical processing and analysis for molecular diagnostics.CO-PENDING APPLICATIONS[0002]The following applications have been filed by the Applicant which relate to the present application:GBS001USGBS002USGBS003USGBS005USGBS006USGSR001USGSR002USGAS001USGAS002USGAS003USGAS004USGAS006USGAS007USGAS008USGAS009USGAS010USGAS012USGAS013USGAS014USGAS015USGAS016USGAS017USGAS018USGAS019USGAS020USGAS021USGAS022USGAS023USGAS024USGAS025USGAS026USGAS027USGAS028USGAS030USGAS031USGAS032USGAS033USGAS034USGAS035USGAS036USGAS037USGAS038USGAS039USGAS040USGAS041USGAS042USGAS043USGAS044USGAS045USGAS046USGAS047USGAS048USGAS049USGAS050USGAS054USGAS055USGAS056USGAS057USGAS058USGAS059USGAS060USGAS061USGAS062USGAS063USGAS065USGAS066USGAS067USGAS068USGAS069USGAS070USGAS080USGAS081USGAS082USGAS083USGAS084USGAS085USGAS086USGAS087USGAS...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

[0115]The easily usable, mass-producible, and inexpensive LOC device for pathogen detection, genomic analysis, and proteomic analysis accepts a blood sample through its sample receptacle, uses its dialysis section to separate the sample into pathogens, leukocytes, and erythrocyte streams, lyses the cells in the three streams in its chemical lysis chamber to release the pathogens' and the leukocytes' genetic material and also to degrade the erythrocyte structures, preprocesses the genetic material in its incubation section, amplifies target genetic sequences, analyzes the sample's nucleic acid sequences via hybridization with oligonucleotide probes with sensing via its integral imaging array, and analyzes the sample's proteomic content via a homogeneous immunoassay probe system with sensing via its integral imaging array, utilizing reagents stored in the LOC device's reagent reservoirs.

[0122]The reagent reservoirs, being integral to the LOC device and holding the assay's total reagent requirements, provide for the low system component-count and simple manufacturing procedures, leading into an inexpensive assay system.

Problems solved by technology

Insufficient stringency can result in a high degree of nonspecific binding.

Excessive stringency can lead to a failure of appropriate binding, which results in diminished sensitivity.

Despite the advantages that molecular diagnostic tests offer, the growth of this type of testing in the clinical laboratory has been slower than expected and remains a minor part of the practice of laboratory medicine.

This is primarily due to the complexity and costs associated with nucleic acid testing compared with tests based on methods not involving nucleic acids.

However, controlling fluid flow through the LOC device, adding reagents, controlling reaction conditions and so on necessitate bulky external plumbing and electronics.

Connecting a LOC device to these external devices effectively restricts the use of LOC devices for molecular diagnostics to the laboratory setting.

The cost of the external equipment and complexity of its operation precludes LOC-based molecular diagnostics as a practical option for point-of-care settings.

Images