42 results about "Smoke exposure" patented technology

The invention relates to a method for testing cytotoxicity in full smoke contamination of cigarette. In the method, when full smoke exposure of the cigarette is carried out, an insertion type cell culture dish is used so that cultured cells are positioned at a gas-liquid interface between the smoke and the culture solution, and therefore, the purpose that the cells directly and fully contact withcigarette smoke is achieved, and the feel of the cells to the cigarette smoke can be comprehensively reflected. The method has high sensitivity, and the result can more truly reflect the cytotoxicityof the cigarette smoke. The insertion type cell culture dish is used so that a grain-phase part and a gas-phase part in the main-flow smoke of the cigarette directly and fully contact with the cultured cells, and when the full smoke exposure of the cigarette is carried out, the cells growing at microporous membrane attached to a wall are positioned at the gas-liquid interface between the cigarette smoke and the exposed culture solution, so that the problem that the cells can not comprehensively feel the full cigarette smoke in the previous experiments is solved; and meanwhile, in the method, the stationary step for formaldehyde stationary liquid is reduced so that the experimental process is simpler and more convenient.

The invention discloses a test method for characterizing the biological effects of smoke exposure based on metabolomics. The test method adopts the metabolomics analysis method, and the biomarker groups related to the biological effects of smoke exposure are tested in different drug administration groups. The changes between groups are used to characterize the biological responses of experimental animals placed in the smoke exposure environment. The present invention is easy to operate, and evaluates the influence of mainstream smoke on endogenous metabolites in rats, and compares the similarities and differences between the effects of natural herbal added tobacco and ordinary cigarettes on endogenous metabolites, in order to evaluate the harm reduction effect of cigarettes and its associated mechanisms provide a reliable tool.

An apparatus includes a smoke emitting section which emits smoke containing particulate matter, a dilution section for diluting the smoke emitted by the smoke emitting section, a clean air unit which supplies clean air to the dilution section, at least one chamber which incorporates a cell-adhered surface and into which the smoke diluted by the dilution section is introduced, and an exhaust section for exhausting the smoke from the chamber and the dilution section. A smoke flow in the chamber is shut off to make the smoke settle down in the chamber and expose the cell-adhered surface to the smoke.

The invention relates to a detection method for the cytotoxicity of gas-liquid contact type cigarettes under full-smoke exposure, belonging to the technical field of safety evaluation of cigarette smoke. The detection method provided by the invention comprises the following steps of: firstly, setting cigarette suction parameters to carry out suction on a cigarette; diluting the smoke by clean air with the flow speed of 0-1000 mL/min and transferring the diluted cigarette full smoke into a full-smoke exposure bottle disclosed in the patent with the patent number of ZL201120063251.6 to come into contact and exposure with suspension cells in the bottle, wherein the exposure time is 5 min; after the exposure, carrying out neutral erythrocyte toxicity test or MTT (Methyl Thiazolyl Tetrazolium) cytotoxicity test according to a regular method; analyzing a dosage reaction relation between smoke exposure amount and cytotoxicity according to the following formula: full-smoke dilution multiple=( flow speed of smoke + flow speed of clean air)/flow speed of smoke; smoke exposure amount under exposure of 10 mL of a cell suspension solution for 5 min=TPM (Total Particulate Matter) amount of single cigarette/suction times of single cigarette*6 suctions/10 mL; and representing the extent of cytotoxicity by a cell inhibition ratio CI. The detection method provided by the invention has the advantages of simplicity, feasibility, low cost and the capability of providing technical supports for the safety evaluation of cigarette smoke.

The invention discloses an LC-MS/MS method for detecting nicotine and its metabolites in saliva. The metabolites can be cotinine and 3-hydroxyl cotinine. LC-MS/MS is utilized to respectively detect a standard substance solution and a pretreated saliva sample, an isotope internal standard quantitative method is utilized to establish a calibration curve and calculate the concentration of the nicotine and its metabolites in the saliva with the concentration ratio of the standard substance solution and the internal standard substance as the X axis and the peak area ratio of the standard substance solution and the internal standard substance as the Y axis. The method is high in sensitivity, good in specificity, accurate and simple in pretreatment process and can complete separation and detection within 5 minutes, the precision and the stability meet the requirements, saliva samples are convenient to collect, no wound is caused, and the method can be used for evaluation of smoking and smoking cessation behaviors and research of environment smoke exposure degree.

The invention relates to a device for exposing cigarette mainstream smoke, and belongs to the technical field of gas exposure culture. The device comprises two parts of a cigarette mainstream smoke exposure bottle (6) provided with a smoke outlet (3), and a smoke guiding tube plug (7) of which the lower half is arranged in the cigarette mainstream smoke exposure bottle (6), wherein the smoke guiding tube plug (7) consists of a smoke inlet (1), a mixed air inlet (2), a smoke and air mixing chamber (4), and a diluted smoke conveying passage (5). Compared with the prior arts, the present device has the advantages of simple structure, convenient operation, reduction of experiment difficulty, low cost, and convenience of connection with a linear type smoking machine for realizing cigarette mainstream smoke exposure of bacteria or cells.

The invention discloses a non-destructive monitoring system for animal exposure on a fire scene and relates to the field of animal exposure monitoring. The system comprises an animal exposure box and a set of monitoring device, wherein the monitoring device is used for monitoring a fire environment and behavior characteristics of animals in a smoke exposure process; a gas distributor, thermocouples and two or more homoeothermic animal bins are arranged in the animal exposure box; and a physiological signal monitoring probe is arranged in each homoeothermic animal bin. The system has the advantages that body temperatures of the animals can be kept constant through the homoeothermic animal bins; through the gas distributor, after the smoke enters the animal exposure box, the smoke is quickly and uniformly distributed at the mouths and the noses of the animals, so that inaccurate experimental results caused by inconsistent exposure conditions are avoided; and change of physiological indexes of the animals during fire smoke exposure is monitored in a non-destructive mode through the physiological signal monitoring probes, so that inaccurate experimental results caused by injury of animal bodies due to destructive monitoring are avoided.

A method for real-time detection of monoamine neurotransmitter change in brains of animals under a smoke exposure condition is characterized by exposing the animals to smoke in real time by adopting an animal oro-nasal inhalation smoke exposure system, collecting an animal brain tissue sample through an on-line microdialysis technique, and quickly analyzing monoamine neurotransmitters and metabolite thereof in a brain dialysate sample by using a high performance liquid chromatography/coularray detector, so as to detect monoamine neurotransmitter change characteristics in the brains of the animals before and after smoke exposure in real time. According to the method provided by the invention, exposure to the smoke of the animals is more similar to the manner of human beings smoking tobacco products, the technical difficulty of incapability of real-time simulating and evaluating of monoamine neurotransmitter change caused by smoke inhaling (nicotine intaking) is overcome, the method has the advantages of simple operation, accurate and reliable result and the like, and compared with the prior art, a new method for monitoring monoamine neurotransmitter metabolic change in the brains of the animals after smoke exposure is created.

A dosimetric smoke determination method used in a full-smoke exposure experiment is used for real-time and quantitative determination of smoke dosage in a full-smoke exposure bin through combination of a quartz micro balance wafer and an inserted cell culture dish. The method has the maximum characteristic that an actual microenvironment for smoke exposure is simulated, the actual concentration (including the mass concentration of smoke particulate matter and nicotine concentration) of cigarette smoke in the full-smoke exposure bin is detected in a real-time, sensitive and quantitative mode, the dosage-effect relation of a smoke toxicity effect is accurately represented, and a real smoke dosage basis is provided for evaluation of cigarette smoke in-vitro toxicology. By applying method, the toxicity mechanism of the cigarette smoke can be better interpreted, and a method basis and technical support are provided for health risk assessment and research of tobacco products. In addition, the method is wide in applicability and can be applied to in-vitro toxicity testing and research of cigarettes, electronic cigarettes, cigarettes non-combustible in heating and aerosols different in source, and testing results are good in repeatability, high in stability and strong in sensitivity.

The invention discloses a smoke exposure device used for establishing a chronic obstructive pulmonary disease model. The smoke exposure device mainly comprises a flow regulating device, a peristaltic pump and a closed box, wherein the flow regulating device comprises a smoke inlet pipe, an air inlet pipe, a smoke outlet pipe, an air outlet pipe, a smoke flow regulator and an air flow regulator; the smoke flow regulator is communicated with the smoke inlet pipe and the smoke outlet pipe respectively; the air flow regulator is communicated with the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe respectively; the smoke outlet pipe, the air outlet pipe and an air duct are communicated with one another; and the air duct is communicated with the closed box and is arranged inside a pump bed of the peristaltic pump. The smoke exposure device has the advantages of precisely regulating the smoke flow and the ratio of the smoke flow to air, facilitating quantitative analysis, improving the stability, reliability and repeatability of an experiment, and effectively avoiding the suffocation death of experimental animals, the cigarette smoke inhalation of experiment operators and atmospheric pollution, along with simple structure, convenient manufacturing and low cost.

The invention relates to a method for establishing an animal in-vitro tracheal model for evaluating inflammatory response induced by tobacco mainstream smoke and an evaluation method, and belongs to the technical field of cigarette hazard assessment. The method for establishing the animal in-vitro tracheal model comprises the following steps: 1) separating a tracheal ring; 2) culturing the tracheal ring obtained in the step 1) in vitro; and 3) exposing the tracheal ring cultured in the step 2) to a flue gas condensate for 1 to 24 hours. The evaluation method of the inflammatory response induced by the tobacco mainstream smoke comprises selection of evaluation indexes and division of evaluation criteria; and evaluation of the degree of the inflammatory response. The method has the followingadvantages: 1) the detection method of the tracheal inflammation after smoke exposure has high efficiency; 2) the detection method of the tracheal inflammation after smoke exposure has good repeatability and system stability and high accuracy; and 3) the use range is wide. The method can be applied to in vitro exposure models of cigarette mainstream smoke, sidestream smoke, ambient flue gas and other smoke aerosols.

The invention discloses a smoke exhaust emission device and method for a full-smoke exposure experiment. The smoke exhaust emission device is characterized by comprising a sidestream smoke emission connection pipe, a diluted smoke exhaust emission connection pipe and a converged smoke exhaust discharging pipe, all of which are connected through a tee joint; the pipe orifice end of the sidestream smoke emission connection pipe is communicated with a smoking machine sidestream smoke collection hood through a smoke discharging pipe, and a regulating valve is arranged in a pipe cavity of the sidestream smoke emission connection pipe; a regulating valve is arranged in a pipe cavity of the diluted smoke exhaust emission connection pipe, and an air pressure balancing port is formed in the pipe orifice end of the diluted smoke exhaust emission connection pipe in a bifurcated mode; a smoke filtering membrane is installed in a pipe orifice of the converged smoke exhaust discharging pipe. Through the emission device, redundant smoke generated in the experiment can be discharged in real time, it is guaranteed that air in a laboratory is clean without pollution, meanwhile, health and safety of experiment operating personnel are ensured, and the full-smoke exposure experiment can be carried out smoothly.

The invention discloses an LC-MS/MS kit for detecting nicotine and its metabolites in saliva. The metabolites are cotinine and 3-hydroxyl cotinine. The kit includes the following reagents: two types of eluent, mixed standard liquid A, internal standard liquid B, two types of diluent, an organic solvent and quality control substance, wherein the eluent A is 0.1% v/v of a formic acid aqueous solution, the eluent B is 0.1% v/v of a formic acid methanol solution, the mixed standard liquid A is a methanol solution containing nicotine, cotinine and 3-hydroxyl cotinine, the internal standard liquid B is an internal standard solution containing deuterated cotinine, the dilute 1 is non-smoker's saliva, the diluent 2 is methanol, the organic solvent is acetonitrile, and the quality control substance is non-smoker's saliva containing nicotine, cotinine and 3-hydroxyl cotinine. The kit is high in detection sensitivity, good in specificity, accurate and simple in pretreatment process, saliva samples are convenient to collect, no wound is caused, and the kit can be used for evaluation of smoking and smoking cessation behaviors and research of environment smoke exposure degree.

The invention discloses a method for detecting the phosphorylation level of intracellular tyrosine. The method comprises the following steps: preparing a smoke condensate, treating cells, carrying outimmunofluorescence labeling and sample treatment, and detecting. By researching the concentration level of active oxygen in cells after smoke exposure, the influence of smoke exposure on oxidative stress reaction of cells is evaluated, biological evaluation is performed on the safety of smoke components, and scientific reference is reversely provided for research, development and production of safe cigarettes.

The invention relates to a method for analyzing correlation between particulate matter number concentration of cigarette smoke and expression of TNF-alpha in lung lavage fluid of a mouse, and belongsto the technical field of biological application. The method comprises the following steps: cigarette smoke suction, smoke dilution, mouse exposure, measurement of the particulate matter number concentration, lung lavage, ELISA testing, correlation analysis and judgment. The method is simple to operate, and an actual human smoking condition is simulated to the greatest extent by using a small animal mouth and nose exposure device; short or long-time exposure can be selected, follow-up survey of the biological effect of smoke on the lung is performed, and relatively complete data tracking is provided; the smoke exposure concentration is controllable, influence of different suction amounts on the lung can be simulated, and guarantee is provided for scientificity and accuracy of the biological effect influence of the smoke on the lung.

The invention belongs to the field of smoke exposure experiments, and particularly relates to a multichannel exposure contamination method for in-vitro smoke smoking. The method comprises the following steps: smoke smoked in vitro is shunted into a plurality of exposure bins through a smoke transmission shunting device without being diluted by air and undergoes multichannel smoke exposure contamination, and the contamination dosage is calculated according to the number of cigarettes and the number of smoking ports or the number of cigarettes and the number of smoking ports corresponding to thecontent of total particulate matters and nicotine in mainstream smoke. According to the in-vitro smoke smoking multichannel exposure contamination method, smoke generated by cigarette smoking is notdiluted and is averagely shunted into the multiple exposure bins through the smoke transmission shunting device, the contamination dosage evaluation does not need to consider the influence of air dilution, and the contamination dose of the exposure bins can be evaluated more accurately and effectively.

The invention discloses a method for quantitative evaluation of molecule mutation degree by tobacco. Two variables of TMB and TTR are comprehensively considered. An F-score model which is obtained through training can more objectively and accurately evaluate existence and degree of smoke-related molecule damage of smoked patients and non-smoker patients in lung cancer. Through detecting the molecule mutation condition of the lung cancer patient, whether the lung cancer is caused by smoking is backwards derived. Results prove a fact that the F-score method can realize matching between a predicting result and a sample smoke exposure history.

The invention discloses a smoke exposure experiment device which comprises an experiment bin and a cover body arranged on the outer side of the experiment bin in a covering mode, wherein a flat plate is arranged in the experiment bin, and the experiment bin is divided into an animal bin and a combustion bin through the flat plate; at least one partition plate is arranged above the flat plate and divides the animal bin into at least two animal experiment areas; a plurality of through holes are formed in the bin wall of the experiment bin and the flat plate respectively; the cover body is provided with a smoke exhaust pipe, and the smoke exhaust pipe is connected with a negative pressure generating device; the cover body is further provided with a one-way ventilation device, so that air outside the cover body flows into the cover body in a one-way mode. The smoke exposure experiment device provided by the invention is simple in structure and convenient to operate, and can effectively prevent effect differences caused by gathering of experimental animals, so that intra-group differences are reduced, and inter-group emphysema differences are evaluated more effectively.