The invention discloses a device for detecting the axial force of a hub and the displacement of a bearing in real time by applying torque. The device comprises a rack and is characterized in that a force bearing seat, a supporting seat, a process monitoring instrument mounting bracket, a tension and compression sensor, a transition sleeve, a guide sleeve seat, a guide sleeve, an ejector rod, a supporting seat, a spacer bush, a shaft head, a measuring disc, an inner displacement sensor, an outer displacement sensor, a sensor mounting bracket, a shaft head nut and a monitoring instrument are arranged on the table surface of the rack. According to the device, the magnitude of axial force generated under different torques and data of axial displacement generated by a bearing under the action of the axial force are detected in real time by applying the torques; and rough assembly process parameters are formulated according to actual measurement data and experimental verification is carried out, and reasonable process parameters are determined according to experimental results, so that the hub assembly quality is guaranteed, and the labor intensity of operators is reduced.