The invention relates to a multi-cylinder opposed piston type oil-free compression device. It includes a drive motor, a cylinder and an air guide cover, and is characterized in that the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to a set of coaxially opposed piston assemblies that freely reciprocate in the cylinder, and the piston assembly is connected to the output shaft of the drive motor. On the crankshaft, a crankcase is arranged between the crankshaft and the drive motor, and the piston assembly reciprocates regularly up and down under the drive of the crankshaft. Compared with the same type of compressors, the present invention has an avant-garde design concept and changes the traditional oil-lubricated compression lubrication method; it has a novel structure, double-headed pistons with guide rings and piston cups, crankshafts with 90-degree misalignment, and 2 sets of pairs Equipped with a cylinder, it can produce uniform and pure compressed air; its structure is reliable, compact, low cost, high efficiency, low leakage, long life and good stability.