Fluidized bed reactor

Abstract

The invention discloses an improved fluidized bed reactor, which comprises a reactor shell and a three-phase separator, wherein the reactor shell comprises an expanding section and a straight cylinder section from up to bottom; the three-phase separator is arranged in the expanding section; the diameter of the expanding section is 1.2 to 2 times larger than that of the straight cylinder section, and the ratio of the diameter to the height of the expanding section is 0.3-2.0:1. The expanding section and the three-phase separator of the reactor are organically combined, so that the operational flexibility of the three-phase separator is improved, and the highly-efficient separation of the three-phase separator is ensured. The reactor is mainly used for the chemical reaction of various liquids and gases under a condition of contacting solid particles, and has the advantages of large catalyst reserve, high utilization rate of the reactor, simple structure, easy operation and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a gas-liquid-solid three-phase ebullating bed reactor, in particular to an improved three-phase ebullating bed hydrogenation for chemical reaction under the condition that different kinds of liquid and gas substances flow upward and contact with solid particles reactor. Background technique [0002] The ebullated bed reactor is a three-phase fluidized bed of gas, liquid and solid, which can process heavy and low-quality feedstock oil with high metal and high asphaltene content. It has the advantages of small pressure drop, uniform temperature distribution, and constant catalyst activity throughout the operation cycle. , Can add fresh catalyst and take out spent catalyst during operation. [0003] A typical fluidized bed process is described in US Re 25,770, but this process method has the following disadvantages in practical application: the amount of catalyst storage in the reactor is small, and the space utilization rate of ...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] A typical fluidized bed process is described in US Re 25,770, but this process method has the following disadvantages in practical application: the amount of catalyst storage in the reactor is small, and the space utilization rate of the reactor is low; the maintenance cost of the circulating oil pump is high, and once Malfunction and damage of the circulating oil pump will cause the catalyst to sink and accumulate, resulting in the forced shutdown of the device; the liquid product in the reactor stays for too long under non-catalytic hydrogenation conditions, and it is easy to undergo secondary thermal cracking reaction at high temperature Coking reduces product quality

The three-phase separator introduced in this patent has a small operating flexibility at the outlet of the three-phase separator and the outlet of the reactor. The catalyst separated by the three-phase separator will stick to the outlet of the catalyst, and the phenomenon of cross-gas is likely to occur at the outlet of the catalyst, which affects the The separation effect of the three-phase separator, and the catalyst brought out is easy to block the downstream device, which is not conducive to the long-term operation of the device

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