Three-phase fluidized bed reactor

Abstract

The invention discloses a three-phase fluidized bed reactor. The three-phase fluidized bed reactor comprises a reactor shell and a three-phase separator, wherein the reactor shell comprises an expansion section and a straight-tube section from top to bottom; the three-phase separator is arranged in the expansion section; the upper part of the straight tube section on the reactor shell is provided with a guide port which has an annular passage structure; the outer side of the guide port is tightly connected with the inner wall of the straight tube section on the reactor shell; and the inner diameter of the guide port is 50 to 95 percent of the inner diameter of the straight tube section on the reactor shell. The fluidized bed reactor organically combines the expansion section, the guide port and the three-phase separator to enhance the operation elasticity of the reactor and ensure efficient separation of the three-phase separator. The reactor is mainly suitable for carrying out a chemical reaction under the condition that different types of liquid and gas substances contact with solid particles, and has the advantages of large catalyst inventory, high reactor utilization rate, simple structure, easy operation and the like.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a novel gas-liquid-solid three-phase ebullating bed reactor, in particular to an improved three-phase ebullating bed reactor for chemical reactions under the condition that different kinds of liquid and gas substances flow upward and contact with solid particles. hydrogen reactor. Background technique [0002] The heavy oil fluidized bed hydrogenation reactor belongs to the gas, liquid and solid three-phase fluidized bed reactor, which can process heavy and low-quality raw material oil with high metal and high asphaltene content, and has the advantages of small pressure drop, uniform temperature distribution, and can maintain the whole operation The catalyst activity in the periodic reactor is uniform, and fresh catalyst can be added and spent catalyst can be taken out during operation. [0003] US Re 25,770 describes a typical fluidized bed process, which adopts the operation mode of circulating oil pump, but this process met...

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Problems solved by technology

[0003] US Re 25,770 describes a typical fluidized bed process, which adopts the operation mode of circulating oil pump, but this process method has the following shortcomings in practical application: less catalyst storage in the reactor, low space utilization of the reactor; circulating oil pump maintenance The maintenance cost is high, and once the circulating oil pump is malfunctioning or damaged, it will cause the catalyst to sink and accumulate, resulting in the forced shutdown of the device; It is easy to carry out secondary thermal cracking reaction coking and reduce product quality

The difference in flow rate increases with the diameter of the reactor, which may lead to coalescence of bubbles, formation of large bubbles, insufficient contact between gas and liquid phases, and poor fluidization

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