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A process for the preparation of primary alkyl glycerol ethers useful as biofuel additive from glycerol

A technology for primary alkyl glycerol and glycerol ether, which is applied in the field of preparing glycerol ether and can solve problems such as structural instability

Inactive Publication Date: 2011-02-09
COUNCIL OF SCI & IND RES
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

A disadvantage of the use of cation exchange resins in etherification reactions above 100°C is that these polymeric resins are structurally unstable at temperatures above about 100-120°C and thus experience irreversible structural degradation

Method used

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  • A process for the preparation of primary alkyl glycerol ethers useful as biofuel additive from glycerol

Examples

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Embodiment 1

[0028] This example illustrates the preparation of glyceryl ethyl ether over a gamma alumina catalyst. In a typical preparation, a 5:1 molar ratio of ethanol and glycerol with a gamma-alumina catalyst (5 wt% of the total reaction mixture) was heated at 100°C for 5 hours in a closed autoclave. Solid acid catalyst - gamma alumina was obtained from commercial sources. The solid catalyst was pretreated at 500°C and activated by procedures recommended by catalyst manufacturers and well known to those skilled in the art prior to use in etherification reactions. At the end of 5 hours, the solid catalyst was removed and the glycerol ether was separated from unreacted glycerol, water and alcohol by a combination of extraction (with water) and distillation procedures. The product was analyzed by gas chromatography.

Embodiment 2

[0030] This example is illustrated on a zeolite beta catalyst (silica / alumina = 40; surface area = 550 m 2 / g; size = 0.1-0.5 microns) to prepare glyceryl ethyl ether. In a typical preparation, ethanol and glycerol in a molar ratio of 5:1 were heated with zeolite beta (5 wt% of the total reaction mixture) at 100°C for 5 hours in a closed autoclave. The solid catalyst was pretreated for activation at 450°C. At the end of the reaction, the catalyst was removed and the glycerol ether was separated from unreacted glycerol, water and alcohol by a combination of extraction (with water) and distillation procedures. The product was analyzed by gas chromatography.

Embodiment 3

[0032] This example is illustrated on a zeolite Y catalyst (silica / alumina = 8; surface area = 420 m 2 / g) to prepare glycerol ethyl ether. In a typical preparation, ethanol and glycerol in a molar ratio of 5:1 were heated with zeolite Y (5 wt% of the total reaction mixture) at 100°C for 5 hours in a closed autoclave. The solid catalyst was pretreated for activation at 450°C. At the end of the reaction, the catalyst was removed and the glycerol ether was separated from unreacted glycerol, water and alcohol by a combination of extraction (with water) and distillation procedures. The product was analyzed by gas chromatography.

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Abstract

The present invention provides a process for the preparation of biofuels or biofuel additives from glycerol. More particularly, it provides a process for the preparation of glycerol -ethers by etherification of glycerol with an alcohol in the presence of solid acid catalyst.

Description

Field of Invention [0001] The present invention relates to a method for preparing biofuel or biofuel additive from glycerol. More specifically, the present invention relates to a method for preparing glycerol ethers by etherifying glycerol with alcohols using a solid acid catalyst. Background of the Invention [0002] Glycerol is a by-product in the production of biodiesel by transesterification of triglycerides with alcohols such as methanol. In this process, a large amount of glycerol is produced that is not utilized as part of the biofuel. At present, glycerol only finds application in very small quantities in the pharmaceutical industry. Other classes of uses for glycerin include blending with animal fertilizers to form fertilizers, and blending with animal feed. The economics of biodiesel production could be significantly improved if new uses for the large quantities of glycerol produced were found. It would be desirable to find a way to convert glycerol-containing ...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C07C43/10C07C41/09
CPCC07C41/09Y02E50/10C07C43/13C07C43/135C07C43/10
Inventor 达巴·斯瑞尼瓦保罗·拉特纳萨米拉克希米·塞基亚
Owner COUNCIL OF SCI & IND RES
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