1192results about "Ether preparation by compound dehydration" patented technology

The invention is a continuous process for the preparation of polytrimethylene ether glycol from 1,3-propanediol reactant. In addition, the invention is directed to a continuous multi-stage process comprising reacting at least one reactant in a liquid phase in an up-flow column reactor, and forming a gas or vapor phase by-product wherein the gas or vapor phase by-product is continuously removed at the top and at least one intermediate stage.

A process for the manufacture of polytrimethylene ether glycol comprising the steps of: (a) providing (1) 1,3-propanediol reactant selected from the group consisting of 1,3-propanediol and / or oligomers or prepolymers of 1,3-propanediol having a degree of polymerization of 2-9 and mixtures thereof, and (2) a polycondensation catalyst; and (b) polycondensing the 1,3-propanediol reactant to form a polytrimethylene ether glycol at less than one atmosphere pressure, and the product of the process. In addition, polytrimethylene ether glycol has a number average molecular weight greater than 1,500, an APHA color of less than 120, an unsaturation of less than 20 meq / kg, and a content of cyclic ether oligomers of less than 2%.

A process for the manufacture of polytrimethylene ether glycol comprising the steps of: (a) providing (1) 1,3-propanediol reactant selected from the group consisting of 1,3-propanediol and / or oligomers or prepolymers of 1,3-propanediol having a degree of polymerization of 2-9 and mixtures thereof, and (2) a polycondensation catalyst; and (b) polycondensing the 1,3-propanediol reactant to form a polytrimethylene ether glycol at less than one atmosphere pressure, and the product of the process. In addition, polytrimethylene ether glycol has a number average molecular weight greater than 1,500, an APHA color of less than 120, an unsaturation of less than 20 meq / kg, and a content of cyclic ether oligomers of less than 2%.

The invention is a continuous process for the preparation of polytrimethylene ether glycol from 1,3-propanediol reactant. In addition, the invention is directed to a continuous multi-stage process comprising reacting at least one reactant in a liquid phase in an up-flow column reactor, and forming a gas or vapor phase by-product wherein the gas or vapor phase by-product is continuously removed at the top and at least one intermediate stage.

The invention relates to regenerative, supported amine sorbents that includes an amine or an amine / polyol composition deposited on a nano-structured support such as nanosilica. The sorbent provides structural integrity, as well as high selectivity and increased capacity for efficiently capturing carbon dioxide from gas mixtures, including the air. The sorbent is regenerative, and can be used through multiple operations of absorption-desorption cycles.

One aspect of the present invention relates to ionic liquids comprising a pendant Bronsted-acidic group, e.g., a sulfonic acid group. Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant Bronsted-acidic group to catalyze a Bronsted-acid-catalyzed chemical reaction. A third aspect of the present invention relates to ionic liquids comprising a pendant nucleophilic group, e.g., an amine. Still another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant nucleophilic group to catalyze a nucleophile-assisted chemical reaction. A fifth aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant nucleophilic group to remove a gaseous impurity, e.g., carbon dioxide, from a gas, e.g., sour natural gas.

An efficient and environmentally beneficial method of recycling and producing methanol from varied sources of carbon dioxide including flue gases of fossil fuel burning powerplants, industrial exhaust gases or the atmosphere itself. Converting carbon dioxide by chemical or electrochemical reduction secondary treatment to produce essentially methanol, dimethyl ether and derived products.

An environmentally beneficial method of producing methanol from varied sources of carbon dioxide including flue gases of fossil fuel burning powerplants, industrial exhaust gases or the atmosphere itself. Converting carbon dioxide by electrochemical reduction produces formic acid acid and some formaldehyde and methanol mixtures. The formic acid can be used as source of carbon as well as hydrogen to produce methanol, dimethyl ether and other products.

Improved processing for the production of light olefins is provided involving synthesis gas conversion to form an effluent including product dimethyl ether, subsequent separation of the product dimethyl ether and conversion thereof to the desired light olefins. The synthesis gas conversion effluent may also desirably include methanol and at least a portion of such methanol may be employed to effect the separation of the product dimethyl ether.

A method for producing methanol and dimethyl ether using the air as the sole source of materials is disclosed. The invention relates to a method for separating the water (i.e., the moisture in the air) and carbon dioxide content of atmospheric air for their use in the subsequent production of methanol, dimethyl ether and derived synthetic hydrocarbons as products. The method includes the conversion of carbon dioxide and water under conditions sufficient to produce methanol and / or dimethyl ether. Methanol and / or dimethyl ether can be used as fuel or fuel additives or further converted to synthetic hydrocarbons and their products. Carbon dioxide is captured on a suitable absorbent, preferentially polyethyleneimine supported on nano-structured fumed silica. The process can also involve hydrogenation with hydrogen produced by electrolysis of water obtained from the air or from any other water source. Methanol can be dehydrated to produce dimethyl ether or further processed to produce synthetic hydrocarbons, polymers, and products derived from them by other known methods.

The invention relates to regenerative, supported amine sorbents that includes an amine or an amine / polyol composition deposited on a nano-structured support such as nanosilica. The sorbent provides structural integrity, as well as high selectivity and increased capacity for efficiently capturing carbon dioxide from gas mixtures, including the air. The sorbent is regenerative, and can be used through multiple operations of absorption-desorption cycles.

Processes for converting glycerol to alkyl glycerol ethers that involve providing glycerol, alkyl alcohol and an etherification catalyst, providing an etherification reactor and, adding the glycerol, alkyl alcohol and etherification catalyst to the etherification reactor and reacting the glycerol, alkyl alcohol and etherification catalyst in the etherification reactor to obtain a reaction product comprising alkyl glycerol ethers.

The present invention relates to a method of producing methanol from a methane source by oxidizing methane under conditions sufficient to a mixture of methanol and formaldehyde while minimizing the formation of formic acid and carbon dioxide. The oxidation step is followed by treatment step in which formaldehyde is converted into methanol and formic acid which itself can further be converted into methanol via catalytic hydrogenation of intermediately formed methyl formate.

A catalyst for an integrated supported carbon modular sieve comprises an integrated beehive cordierite, a carbon-nano tube and an HZSM-5 modular sieve, wherein the carbon-nano tube takes 7-20 proportions, HZSM-5 takes 10-30 proportions, and cordierite tales 60-80 proportions. The preparation method is that: carbon-nano tube is produced in situ on the integrated beehive cordierite by using chemical vapor deposition firstly, and the carbon-nano tube is taken as carrier, then the ZSM-5 modular sieve is developed on the carrier by using a secondary growth method. The catalyst for an integrated supported carbon-modular sieve can be used for the gas-phase synthesis of dimethyl ether DME by the dehydration of methanol.

A system and process for gas homogenization is disclosed. This has application in the areas of generation of gas and its conversion to electricity in downstream applications. The homogenization system minimizes variance in the gas characteristics (composition, flow, pressure, temperature), thereby rendering a steady stream of gas of consistent quality to the downstream machinery. This homogenization system can be adjusted to optimize the output gas stream for specific end-applications, or to optimize the output gas stream for different input feedstocks. This ensures that overall conversion efficiencies are maximised while keeping the process cost-effective. Such a uniform, steady output gas stream has a wide range of applications in the broad areas of generation of electricity (e.g. using internal combustion engines and combustion turbine engines), chemical synthesis (e.g. of compounds such as ethanol, methanol, hydrogen, methane, carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons), fuel-cell technologies and in polygeneration processes (processes that result in co-production of electricity and synthetic fuels).

An environmentally beneficial method of producing methanol from varied sources of carbon dioxide including flue gases of fossil fuel burning powerplants, industrial exhaust gases or the atmosphere itself. Converting carbon dioxide by electrochemical reduction produces formic acid acid and some formaldehyde and methanol mixtures. The formic acid can be used as source of carbon as well as hydrogen to produce methanol, dimethyl ether and other products.

The invention discloses a method of converting carbon dioxide to methanol and / or dimethyl ether using any methane source or natural gas consisting of a combination of steam and dry reforming, in a specific ratio to produce a 2:1 molar ratio of hydrogen and carbon monoxide with subsequent conversion of the CO and H2 mixture exclusively to methanol and / or dimethyl ether. This method is termed the BI-REFORMING™ process. Dehydrating formed methanol allows producing dimethyl ether (DME) using any suitable catalytic method, including use of solid acid catalysts. When recycling formed water into the bi-reforming step the conversion of carbon dioxide with methane produces exclusively dimethyl ether without any by-product formation and complete utilization of hydrogen

The present invention discloses a system for converting methanol or synthesis gas to liquid hydrocarbons with comparable energy content to gasoline within a mixed bed single reactor or double reactor systems. Varying catalyst composition and temperature profiles allow for significant tailoring of reaction conditions to the specific feedstocks or the desired products.

The invention relates to a chemical reactor with a nanometric superstructure, comprising at least one member wherein at least one reaction chamber is arranged, and said reaction chamber being filled at least partially with a high specific surface area material having a specific surface area greater than 5 m2 / g, and characterised in that said high specific surface area material is selected from nanotubes or nanofibres.These nanotubes or nanofibres are preferably selected in the group consisting of carbon nanofibres or nanotubes, β-SiC nanofibres or nanotubes, TiO2 nanofibres or nanotubes.They may be deposited on an intermediate structure selected in the group consisting of glass fibres, carbon fibres, SiC foams, carbon foams, alveolar β-SiC foams, said intermediate structure filling the reaction chamber of said reactor at least partially.

The invention provides for a method of forming dimethyl ether by bimolecular dehydration of methanol produced from a mixture of hydrogen and carbon dioxide obtained by reforming of methane, water and carbon dioxide in a ratio of about 3:2:1. Subsequent use of water produced in the dehydration of methanol in the bi-reforming process leads to an overall ratio of carbon dioxide to methane of about 1:3 to produce dimethyl ether.

The present invention relates to a process for preparing dimethyl ether from methanol. More particularly, this invention relates to an improved process for preparing dimethyl ether with high yield useful as a clean fuel as well as a raw material in chemical industry performed via a catalytic system, wherein dehydration of methanol is first carried out by using a hydrophilic solid acid catalyst and then subsequent dehydration of methanol is carried out continuously by using a hydrophobic zeolite solid acid catalyst in the concurrent presence of unreacted methanol, dimethyl ether produced and water.

A process for preparing a fluoride from its corresponding alcohol comprises the steps of (a) forming a mixture comprising (i) at least one fluorinated, saturated aliphatic or alicyclic sulfonyl fluoride (for example, perfluorobutanesulfonyl fluoride) and (ii) at least one primary or secondary alcohol; and (b) adding a molar excess of at least one strong, aprotic, non-nucleophilic, hindered, double bond-containing, organic base (for example, 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU)) to the mixture.

An efficient and environmentally beneficial method of recycling and producing methanol from varied sources of carbon dioxide including flue gases of fossil fuel burning powerplants, industrial exhaust gases or the atmosphere itself. Converting carbon dioxide by chemical or electrochemical reduction secondary treatment to produce essentially methanol, dimethyl ether and derived products.

A modified alumina catalyst for preparing dimethylether by dewatering methanol is prepard by adding sulfate to ordinary gamma-Al2O3. Its advantages are high transform rate and selectivity at lower temp and no carbon deposit at higher temp.

The present invention relates to methods and catalysts for synthesizing ethers. In an embodiment, the invention includes a process for synthesizing ethers from an alcohol feedstock including heating the alcohol feedstock to a temperature greater than about 100 degrees Celsius; and contacting the alcohol feedstock with a catalyst comprising a metal oxide selected from the group consisting of titania and alumina. Other embodiments are also described herein.

The invention provides a method of efficiently producing branched, cyclic glycerol-based polyols with a co-product as anti-biodegrading agent from inexpensive readily available glycerol monomer. The method involves polymerizing glycerol or glycerol with at least another monomer to multiple other monomers in the presence of particular amount of a strong base as the catalyst under a particular distillation environment. The polyol produced by the inventive method is beneficial of reducing scales in Bayer liquid for aluminum production process and improving brightness of coated paper substrates without greening effect.

One aspect of the present invention relates to ionic liquids comprising a pendant Bronsted-acidic group, e.g., a sulfonic acid group. Another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant Bronsted-acidic group to catalyze a Bronsted-acid-catalyzed chemical reaction. A third aspect of the present invention relates to ionic liquids comprising a pendant nucleophilic group, e.g., an amine. Still another aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant nucleophilic group to catalyze a nucleophile-assisted chemical reaction. A fifth aspect of the present invention relates to the use of an ionic liquid comprising a pendant nucleophilic group to remove a gaseous impurity, e.g., carbon dioxide, from a gas, e.g., sour natural gas.