Microwave distance measurement-based three-dimensional displacement monitoring device and method

Abstract

The invention discloses a microwave distance measurement-based three-dimensional displacement monitoring device and method. The method comprises the steps of: establishing a reasonable reference coordinate system and a datum point, transferring a datum and a method for space multi-satellite three-dimensioning positioning of a GPS (Global Position System) on the ground in a reference manner, replacing space multiple satellites with a microwave distance measurer to generate a positioning signal; at a monitored point, replacing a GPS receiver with a microwave passive reflector to reflect the signal; applying a total station high-precision phase distance measurement method to microwave distance measurement for replacing a GPS time distance measurement method to improve measurement precision; and obtaining three-dimensional coordinate values of a monitored point by using a relation equation set between the measurement distance and the coordinate values of the datum point, and obtaining a three-dimensional displacement variable of the monitored point through comparing difference values of coordinates before the monitored point is changed. For the optical total station, the method is noteasily influenced by the environment; and for the GPS, the method has the advantages of low cost and high precision, and provides a new solution thread for the health monitoring of large structures.

Description

technical field [0001] The present invention relates to a three-dimensional displacement monitoring device and method for a large structure or building, in particular to a three-dimensional displacement monitoring device and method based on microwave ranging. Background technique [0002] Important transportation infrastructure such as bridges, tunnels, highways, and railways, as well as major construction facilities such as stadiums, theaters, airports, and super high-rise buildings, are key infrastructure to ensure national economic construction and social development. There are more or less some structural defects in these infrastructures. At the same time, the load and use environment of the infrastructure have undergone drastic changes, leading to different degrees of early deterioration of the structure and resulting in acquired functional failures. Due to the huge investment in important infrastructure, and it is often the place with the most concentrated people and t...

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Problems solved by technology

[0006] Disadvantages: the price of each measuring point is high, technology monopoly, real-time dynamic characteristics are poor, and the accuracy is low;

[0009] Disadvantages: Careful maintenance is required, and it is greatly affected by high temperature and high humidity environments such as rain, fog, and dust. It is not suitable for long-term field use. It cannot measure multiple points online at the same time. It takes a long time to measure points, and it is difficult to satisfy all measurement points. ;

[0010] For structural three-dimensional displacement monitoring, it needs to work in the field working environment for a long time without unmanned operation, and requires high precision and real-time measurement; while GPS and total station have their own advantages, However, because there are defects, it cannot meet the long-term field monitoring requirements of the current three-dimensional displacement. After careful analysis and comparison of the advantages and disadvantages of the total station and GPS, it can be found that the two best measurement methods have complementary characteristics, that is, GPS has no ground reference restrictions, The advantages of flexible and flexible measuring point layout, wide adaptability, all-weather work, large measuring range, and high long-term working reliability are exactly what the total station lacks; while the total station possesses millimeter-level measurement accuracy and low average cost of measuring points, etc. The advantage is also the most fatal shortcoming of GPS

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