Electrically and/or thermally conductive suspensions including graphite microfluids
A suspension and fluid technology, which is applied in the petroleum industry, heat exchange materials, chemical instruments and methods, etc., can solve the problems of difficult to prepare and obtain high thermal conductivity suspension, difficult to use, and difficult to obtain thermal fluid with thermal conductivity.
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[0058] In one aspect, a method for the preparation of such microfluidics is described. This method involves adding large quantities of graphite particles to a liquid to form a stable suspension. Graphite particles possess one or more of the characteristics discussed above. In addition, whether there is a stabilizer in the suspension, or whether the stabilizer is added before or after the suspension of the graphite particles.
[0059] In some embodiments, the process of forming microfluidics optionally includes a graphite particle pretreatment process. Graphite particles are produced by suitable processes. For example, graphite particles can be produced by intercalation or expansion of natural graphite, grinding, nodular graphite, chemical deposition, etc. In one set of embodiments, the graphite particles can be cleaved. In this process, graphite is heated to high temperature (generally between 600°C and 900°C), for example, in a furnace or microwave oven, graphite can be h...
Embodiment 1
[0100] In this example, the production and testing of graphite microfluidics is described. Natural graphite was from Asbury Carbons (Asbury Graphite Mills, Inc., NJ, USA). Natural graphite was used to produce graphite intercalation compounds using the chemical oxidation process proposed by Tryba et al. (Carbon 43 (2005), pp. 2397-2429, which for all considerations is indexed as a whole). Different volume fractions of hydrogen peroxide (from 0 to 30%) with sulfuric acid H 2 SO 4 Mix to prepare the oxidant for the intercalation process. 2.2 g of natural graphite was reacted with 100 ml of oxidizing agent at room temperature for 30 minutes. The reacted slurry was rinsed in deionized water until the pH reached 6 to 7, and then baked on a hot table at 80° C. for 24 hours. Then the graphite is heated in a 1100W Haier microwave oven for 5 to 180 seconds, and the volume of the graphite will expand by more than 300 times compared with its original size. The expanded graphite is th...
Embodiment 2
[0105] This example describes the modulation of electrical and thermal properties of materials through phase transitions. Using a graphite-hexadecane suspension, the electrical conductivity of the material can vary by two orders of magnitude and the thermal conductivity by a factor of three at eighteen degrees Celsius.
[0106]The suspension in this example consists of cleaved graphite flakes suspended in n-hexadecane (99.5+%, Sigma Aldrich). First, cleaved graphite sheets were prepared from natural graphite (Asbury Graphite Mills, Inc., NJ, USA) by chemical intercalation and thermal expansion, as in the process proposed by Tryba et al. (Carbon 43 (2005), pp.2397- 2429. The oxidizing agent that intercalation process adopts comprises the sulfuric acid of 85 milliliters (96%, Alfa Aesar produces) and the hydrogen peroxide (30%, Alfa Aesar produces) of 15 milliliters.In intercalation process, the natural graphite of 2.2 grams and 100 The oxidizing agent of milliliter was reacted...
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