Natural gas pipeline leakage monitoring method based on optical fiber sensing

Abstract

The invention provides a natural gas pipeline leakage monitoring method based on optical fiber sensing. Optical interference type leakage sensors are arranged on a pipeline body at certain intervals to continuously monitor a vibration wave signal in real time, which is transmitted along the pipeline body; the collected vibration wave signal is subjected to analysis and process, including type identification and vibration source positioning; the type identification is used for extracting and analyzing a vibration wave characteristic to judge whether the vibration wave characteristic belongs to a leakage type; meanwhile, time delaying of transmitting vibration waves to adjacent optical fiber sensors is combined with a transmission speed of the vibration waves on the pipeline body to realize the positioning of a vibration wave source; and each sensor adopts an optical fiber interferometer structure, and an optical fiber Michelson interferometer or an optical fiber Mach-Zehnder Interferometer is used as a leakage vibration wave detection sensor. The natural gas pipeline leakage monitoring method based on the optical fiber sensing has high sensitivity and high positioning accuracy.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention is a method for monitoring natural gas pipeline leakage based on optical fiber sensing. It involves the measurement of mechanical vibration, the measurement of impact and the technical field of piping system. Background technique [0002] At present, the total length of pipelines built in the world has reached 2.5 million kilometers, which has surpassed the total mileage of railways and has become the main mode of energy transportation in the world. Oil transportation in developed countries and oil-producing regions in the Middle East has all realized pipelines. my country's pipelines have also developed rapidly in recent years, with a total length of more than 70,000 kilometers. A large energy pipeline network has initially formed across the east, west, north and south, covering the whole country, and connecting overseas. Pipeline transportation has become the deployment of strategic energy such as oil and gas. The main method of deliver...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0012] In view of the problems of low sensitivity, high false alarm rate, and susceptibility to environmental factors in the above-mentioned types of leak detection and monitoring technologies, the present invention provides a high-sensitivity quasi-distributed leak vibration monitoring method based on optical fiber sensing. Sensitivity sensors make it possible to detect in time the primary stage of leakage such as microleakage and seepage in the pipeline, and combine the time domain and frequency domain characteristics of leakage events to effectively reduce the false alarm rate of the system caused by interference. This technical solution overcomes the The poor accuracy of the previous monitoring technology and the lack of complex installation process enable relevant maintenance personnel to take timely countermeasures to avoid causing greater security incidents

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